2011-2015年某综合性医院感染现患率调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in a general hospital in 2011-2015

作　　者：沈瑞红[1] 傅小芳[1] 顾崎[1] 陆峰[1] 蔡冰超 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院感染管理科,上海200127

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2016年第18期4195-4197,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解某综合性医院感染现患率基本情况及变化趋势,为制定有效的医院感染干预措施提供依据。方法 2011-2015年每年选取一天对全院住院患者进行医院感染现患率调查,采用床旁调查与院感监测管理系统调查相结合的方法。结果 5年平均感染现患率为4.63%;主要感染部位为下呼吸道占46.24%、泌尿道占12.03%、上呼吸道占11.47%;主要感染病原菌为铜绿假单胞菌占16.61%、鲍氏不动杆菌占16.28%、真菌占12.92%、大肠埃希菌占8.39%、金黄色葡萄球菌占7.55%;抗菌药物使用率为32.77%;治疗性使用抗菌药物病原学送检率为80.32%。结论医院感染控制情况总体良好,需要加强手术相关医院感染风险因素的控制。OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in a general hospital and analyze the change trend so as to formulate the effective intervention measures.METHODS One day was picked up from each year from 2011 to 2015so as to investigate the prevalence rate of nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients by means of bedside investigation combined with surveillance and management system for nosocomial infection.RESULTS The average prevalence rate of nosocomial infections was 4.63%during the five years.Among the hospitalized patients with nosocomial infections,46.24% had lower respiratory tract infections,12.03% had urinary tract infections,and 11.47% had upper respiratory tract infections.Among the major species of pathogens causing the infections,the Pseudomonas aeruginosaaccounted for 16.61%,the Acinetobacter baumannii accounted for 16.28%,the fungi accounted for 12.92%,the Escherichia coli accounted for 8.39%,and the Staphylococcus aureus accounted for7.55%.The utilization rate of antibiotics was 32.77%;the etiological submission rate for therapeutic use of antibiotics was 80.32%.CONCLUSIONThe overall situation of control of the nosocomial infections is good,and it is necessary to strengthen the control of risk factors for surgery-related nosocomial infections.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 调查分析 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]