丙烯酸酯改性蓖麻油基水性聚氨酯乳液的制备  

Preparation of acrylate modified castor oil-based waterborne polyurethane emulsion

作　　者：赵雨花[1] 冯月兰[1] 亢茂青[1] 殷宁[1] 王军威[1] 

机构地区：[1]中科院山西煤炭化学研究所,山西太原030001

出　　处：《化学推进剂与高分子材料》2016年第5期53-58,共6页Chemical Propellants & Polymeric Materials

基　　金：山西省科技重大专项(20121101017)

摘　　要：以改性蓖麻油(MCO)、聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)和二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)等为原料合成水性聚氨酯种子乳液,通过MCO的双键活性位实现丙烯酸酯(AC)单体的种子乳液聚合,得到聚氨酯–丙烯酸酯(PUA)乳液。通过FT–IR(傅里叶变换红外光谱)分析、激光粒度仪、旋转黏度计研究了AC单体含量及配比、助剂用量对PUA乳液性能的影响。通过电子拉力试验机、耐水试验和动态力学分析仪研究了不同AC含量PUA膜的力学、耐水和动态力学性能。结果表明:通过种子乳液共聚,PUA均显示一个玻璃化温度,说明聚丙烯酸酯与聚氨酯具有较好的相容性;当n(MCO):n(PCDL)=1.2,n(甲基丙烯酸正丁酯):n(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)=0.9,w(乳化剂SDS)为2.0%,w(引发剂AIBN)为0.2%时所合成的PUA稳定性最好,且具有适中的黏度和较好的粒径分布;随AC含量的提高,PUA胶膜耐水性提高,胶膜硬度和弹性模量逐渐提高,拉伸强度和伸长率均在w(AC)为10%时出现最大值。The waterborne polyurethane seed emulsion was synthesized by using the modified castor oil （MCO）, polycarbonate diol （PCDL）, isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI）, hexamethylene diisocyanate （HDI） and dimethylol propionic acid （DMPA） as raw materials. The polyurethane-acrylate （PUA） emulsion was prepared by the seed emulsion polymerization of acrylate （AC） monomer realized through the double bond active site of MCO. The influence of AC monomer content and ratio, auxiliary amount on the performance of PUA emulsion was investigated by using FT-IR （Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy） analysis, laser particle size analyzer and rotary viscometer. The mechanical performance, water resistance performance and dynamic mechanical performance of PUA films with different AC content were investigated by using the electronic tensile testing machine, water resistance test and dynamic mechanical analyzer. The results show that all PUA exhibit one glass transition temperature through the seed emulsion polymerization. It is indicated that the polyacrylate possesses good compatibility with polyurethane. When n（MCO）：n（PCDL）=1.2, n（n-butyl methacrylate）：n（methyl methacrylate）=0.9, w（SDS emulsifier） is 2.0%1 w（AIBN initiator） is 0.2%, the stability of the prepared PUA emulsion is the best, it possesses moderate viscosity and good particle size distribution. With increasing of the AC content, the water resistance of the PUA film increases, the hardness and elastic modulus of the film gradually increase, and the tensile strength and elongation reach the maximum values when w（AC） is 10%.

关 键 词：改性蓖麻油 丙烯酸酯 水性聚氨酯 聚碳酸酯二醇 脂肪族 聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯 

分 类 号：TQ316.334[化学工程—高聚物工业]