光身型粳稻嘉58超高产群体特征分析  

Analysis on Population Characteristics for Super High Yielding Glabrous Japonica Rice Jia 58

作　　者：蔡之军[1] 潘日定 刘贵富[3] 高荣村[1] 李金军[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省嘉兴市农业科学研究院,浙江嘉兴314016 [2]浙江省台州农资有限公司,浙江台州318000 [3]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《中国稻米》2016年第5期56-60,共5页China Rice

基　　金：嘉兴市重点项目(2012AZ1004);浙江省重大项目(2010C1202)

摘　　要：以光身粳稻嘉58为材料,于2014年、2015年通过调控栽培措施构建了超高产(产量≥11.25 t/hm2)、高产(11.25 t/hm2>产量≥9.75 t/hm2)和一般生产产量(9.75 t/hm2>产量≥7.5 t/hm2)3个产量群体,对3个产量群体的产量构成特征、茎蘖生长动态、叶面积动态及构成、干物质积累转运等地上部特征进行了追踪调查。结果表明,与高产群体、一般生产产量群体相比,超高产群体的结实率和千粒重差异不显著,但总颖花量极显著提高;超高产群体在有效分蘖临界期至拔节期的茎蘖增加平缓、无效分蘖发生少、高峰苗低、茎蘖衰减平缓、成穗率高;超高产群体的叶面积指数、抽穗期后干物质积累量、收获指数均显著提高。提出了嘉58的超高产群体的主要经济指标并讨论了其高产栽培技术。The yield components, tillers dynamic, leaf area index dynamic, dry matter accumulation and harvest index of three yield populations （super-high-yieldingfield, SHYF≥11.25 t/hm^2;high-yieldingfield, （11.25 t/hm^2〉HYF≥9.75 t/hm^2; common production field,9.75 t/hm^2〉PF≥7.5 t/hm^2） were researched in 2014 and 2015, with Jia58, a glabrous japonica rice, as material. The results showed that total spikelets of SHYF were higher than HYF and PF obviously, the difference of seed setting rate and 1 000-grain weight were similar. The tillers of SHYF increased more placid than HYF and PF, the number of invalid tiller and the highest titller were smaller, the ratio of productive tiller percentage was higher during critical period of effective tiller to jointing stage. Meanwhile, the leaf area index, biomass at heading stage and harvest index of SHYF significantly improved, compared with HYF and PF. The key economic indicators and the cultivation techniques of Jia 58 were discussed in this study.

关 键 词：光身粳稻 超高产 群体特征 嘉58 

分 类 号：S511.048[农业科学—作物学]