理化预处理麦秸改善其聚丙烯复合材料抗霉菌腐蚀力学性能  

Physicochemical pretreatments of wheat straw improving fungus corrossion resistance and mechanical properties of wheat straw/polypropylene composites

作　　者：刘丁宁 何春霞[1,2] 薛娇[1,2] 付菁菁[1,2] 常萧楠 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学工学院,南京210031 [2]江苏省智能化农业装备重点实验室,南京210031

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2016年第17期309-314,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD20B202-2)

摘　　要：为探讨麦秸秆不同处理方法对其制备的聚丙烯(polypropylene,PP)复合材料耐霉菌腐蚀性能影响,采用Na OH、HAc、水热、微波4种方法对麦秸秆纤维进行表面预处理,并对未处理和4种处理麦秸秆制备的复合材料进行霉菌加速腐蚀试验,测试了5种复合材料腐蚀前后的力学性能、颜色变化和吸水性,用傅立叶红外光谱分析其官能团的变化,观察并分析复合材料表面霉菌生长情况及表面微观结构。结果表明:霉菌能腐蚀麦秸秆纤维中的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素,使复合材料表面产生裂纹和孔洞,预处理可改善麦秸秆纤维和PP基体间的界面结合,有效地阻止霉菌腐蚀复合材料中麦秸秆的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素,其中5%Na OH预处理效果最佳,其弯曲强度、拉伸和冲击强度分别比未处理的提高了1.68%、3.67%和75.28%,吸水率和色差值降低12.99%和55.25%,经预处理麦秸秆制备复合材料腐蚀后表面裂纹和较大孔洞减少。该研究结果可为提高木塑复合材料防霉效力提供试验数据和理论参考,有利于延长木塑复合材料使用寿命。Wood-plastic composite（WPC）, whose main raw materials are plant fiber and plastic, is a kind of green low carbon material, prepared by molding, extrusion or injection molding. It has advantages of plant fiber and plastic, widely used in landscape architecture, furniture, logistics and packaging, automotive interiors and other industries. Wheat straw fibers are underutilized agricultural residues with potential for use in reinforced polymer composites that would save existing wood and petroleum resources. The antibacterial property of polymer material is excellent, so WPC is more resistant to corrosion than wood. However, during the pratical application, people found WPC was still affected by fungus corrosion at a certain temperature and humidity, plaque was formed on the surface of the composite and mechanical properties declined. These led the service life of WPC to be shortened greatly. So study on the corrosion resistance of WPC is very necessary. In order to study the effect of different pretreatments of wheat straw on the fungus corrosion resistance of wheat straw / polypropylene（PP） composites, 4 treatments, i.e. sodium hydroxide（NaO H）, acetic acid（HAc）, hydrotherm and microwave were used to modify the surface of wheat straw, and the accelerated corrosion tests on the treated and untreated composites were carried out. The mechanical properties, color variation and water absorption of the composites after the corrosion were investigated. And the change of functional groups was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, and the fungus growth and the microstructure of the surface of the composites were observed by stereomicroscope. The results showed that the fungus could corrode the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the wheat straw, which led to the cracks and holes generating on the surface of composites. The pretreatments could improve the interface bonding between wheat straw fiber and PP matrix, and the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the wheat straw were e

关 键 词：秸秆 复合材料 霉菌 腐蚀 力学性能 理化预处理 聚丙烯 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]