不同有机负荷下混合蔬菜废物厌氧消化性能分析  

Anaerobic digestion performance analysis of mixed vegetable wastes under gradient organic loading rate

作　　者：元毛毛 刘研萍[1] 陈雪 李秀金[1] 袁海荣[1] 邹德勋[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学环境科学与工程系,北京100029 [2]北京国能中电节能环保技术有限责任公司,北京100020

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2016年第18期213-218,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金："十二五"科技支撑项目(2015BAD21B03;2014BAC24B01)

摘　　要：为优化蔬菜废物厌氧消化工艺,提高蔬菜废物厌氧消化处理效率,该文以混合蔬菜废物为原料,通过逐级提高厌氧反应的有机负荷,分析研究了蔬菜废物在不同有机负荷下的厌氧消化性能及相应的物质转化规律。试验在有机负荷率OLR 1.0、1.5、1.75、2.0、2.25、2.5、3.0、3.25、3.5 g/（L·d）条件下共运行170 d。研究结果表明：最优有机负荷率为2.75 g/（L·d）,极限有机负荷率为3.5 g/（L·d）;在2.75 g/（L·d）条件下有机负荷产气率达到最高,达到0.54 L/（g/（L·d））,甲烷体积分数稳定在51%～59%。有机负荷2.75和3.0 g/（L·d）条件下挥发性固体去除率最高达66.81%。有机负荷率在1.0～3.25 g/（L·d）时,挥发性有机酸质量浓度在409～481 mg/L,乙醇浓度在380～490 mg/L,属乙醇型发酵。该研究结果可为提高蔬菜废物厌氧消化处理效率提供理论依据,具有重要意义。Vegetable wastes are generated in large amount in the processes of harvesting, transportation, storage, market and process. It was estimated that about 130 million tons vegetable wastes were produced annually in China, but less than 20% of those were properly treated. Several grievous environmental issues such as foul smell, polluted water, contaminations to soil, and threats to food safety and human health are therefore brought about now and then. Anaerobic digestion represents an environmentally-friend and cost competitive technology which achieves waste treatment and recovery of renewable energy biogas simultaneously. Furthermore, the nutrient abundant digestive juice is a highly valuable bio-fertilizer for agriculture. As is well known, organic loading rate（OLR） is one of the most influential parameters of anaerobic digestion as well as one of the key design parameters of full-scale anaerobic digestion plants. The characteristics of easy biodegradation, high moisture and organic matter content accelerate the anaerobic digestion of vegetable wastes, and OLR therefore plays a vital role to ensure the stable and efficient operation of the anaerobic reactor. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of the OLR on the performance of vegetable wastes anaerobic digestion and to provide detailed information for anaerobic digestion process design. In order to evaluate the digestion performance and figure out the dynamic of the substrate conversion, the experiment was carried out with the continuous stirred-tank reactors at 35 ℃ for 170 days. The hydraulic retention time（HRT） was 20 days while the OLR was set at 1.0, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.25, 2.5, 3.0, 3.25 and 3.5 g/（L·d） respectively during the whole study. The criteria such as biogas daily yield, methane content, volatile solid（VS） removal percentage were used for assessing the anaerobic digestion performance, while the p H value, alkalinity, oxidation reduction potential（ORP） and volatile fatty acids（VFAs） were tested to evaluate

关 键 词：废弃物 厌氧消化 沼气 有机负荷率 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X712[农业科学—农业工程]