磁场定向控制在三相永磁同步微型风扇电机中的应用研究  

Application of Field Oriented Control in Micro Fan of Three Phase PMSM

作　　者：王毅杰[1] 路林吉 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学,自动化系 [2]上海交大,自动化系

出　　处：《微型电脑应用》2016年第9期60-63,共4页Microcomputer Applications

摘　　要：制冷业在国家节能减排的目标下,传统的微型风扇电机大多使用单相异步结构,存在执行效率低,噪音和力矩脉动大等诸多缺点。故近年来人们开始使用三相永磁同步电机和梯形波驱动方式来替代单相异步电机。在使用了三相交流永磁同步电机作为微型风扇电机后,效率、力矩脉动和转速等诸多方面都有了大幅度的提高,但其梯形波控制方式过于简单,使三相电机在360°周期内根据传感器反馈信号以6拍形式实现自然换相,产生梯形波电流信号,从而近似地模拟电机的正弦特性。这种控制方式使得相电流在换相中变化过大,并有零电流状态,使电机仍存在较大的力矩脉动,并且在效率等方面仍存在改善空间。此课题是研究和分析使用磁场定向控制替代梯形波控制方式,在相同被控对象和负载的情况下,可显著提高电机效率并改善转矩脉动。The motor structure of classical refrigerator micro fan is single-phase asynchronous. Considering national energy saving policies, classical micro fan motor has a lot of drawbacks such as low efficiency, uncontrollability, unacceptable noise and torque ripple. So the classical single-phase asynchronous motor has been replaced by three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and trapezoidal waveform control technology developed in recent years. After using the new motor structure and control method, it has obtained the good effect in increase efficiency and reducing torque ripple. But the trapezoidal waveform control method istill on a rather simplistic level in the control of PMSM. According the feedback signals of rotor position sensor, the trapezoidal waveform control method generated six states in whole 360° commutating cycle. This makes the phase current turn into the trapezoidal wave- form. The trapezoidal wave current still has a lot of torque tipple because of sudden change of phase current and zero current states. It＇s still far from perfect in motor efficiency and torque tipple. Through the applied research of this giuen in, the trapezoidal wave- form control method was replaced by the field oriented control method, and the motor efficiency and torque tipple haue been greatly improved.

关 键 词：磁场定向控制 空间向量PWM 微型三相永磁同步电机 PID 磁场等效变换 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]