岩溶洞穴水理化性质特征及其环境意义——以贵州织金洞为例  

Characteristics of physical and chemical properties and associated environmental implications of the karst water in Zhijin Cave of Guizhou Province

作　　者：曹明达[1,2] 周忠发[1,2] 张强[1,2] 谢雅婷[1,2] 张绍云[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学中国南方喀斯特研究院,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2016年第3期314-321,348,共9页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目"岩溶洞穴CO2迁移变化机制及对洞穴岩溶环境的影响研究"(41361081);贵州省科技计划"贵州省洞穴调查数据技术服务"(黔科合G字[2014]4004-2号);贵州省重大应用基础研究项目"喀斯特石漠化生态修复及生态经济系统优化调控研究-岩土类型格局"(黔科合JZ字[2014]200201)

摘　　要：为揭示洞穴水地球化学特征的动态变化特征、控制因素及其环境意义,从2015年1月至2015年6月对贵州织金洞洞穴水的水化学指标进行了为期6个月的动态监测,结果表明:①织金洞洞穴水的水化学类型主要为HCO_3^--Ca^(2+)-Mg^(2+)型水,阴离子中HCO_3^-占84.5%以上,阳离子中Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)为优势离子;②洞穴滴水EC、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、HCO_3^-、SO_4^(2-)浓度均大于石灰岩石裂隙水、池水相应的浓度;③洞穴水滴率、滴量、Ca^(2+)、HCO_3^-以及Ca^(2+)/HCO_3^-比值对气候有一定的响应,其地球化学指标具有显著的季节效应;④洞穴滴水中的EC与Ca^(2+)离子浓度呈显著线性关系。The aim of this work is to reveal the characteristics of dynamic changes of geochemistry and con- trol factors of the cave water and their environmental implications. A dynamic monitoring over a period of 6 months from January 2015 to June 2015 was conducted for the water chemistry index of the Zhijin Cave in Guizhou Province. The results show that the water chemistry of this karst cave water is dominated by HCO; --Ca^2＋ --Mg^2＋, where anion HCO3^- is accounting for 84.5% and Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋ are the dominant cations. The value of EC and concentrations of Ca^2＋ , Mg^2＋ , HCO3^- and SO4^2- of cave drip water are higher than those of rock fissure water and pool water. The ratios of cave dripping water rate, drop volume, Ca^2＋ , HCO3^- and Ca^2＋/HCO3^- have certain responses to climate. Their geochemical constituents have conspicuous seasonal effects. The EC value and Ca^2＋ concentration of the cave dripping water have a notable linear relationship.

关 键 词：岩溶洞穴水 理化特征 影响因素 织金洞 贵州 

分 类 号：P641.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]