波纹巴非蛤5个地理群体的遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Five Populations of Paphia undulata

作　　者：骆轩[1] 徐小伟[1] 张鹏飞[1] 虞晋晋[1] 黄妙琴[1] 柯才焕[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建省海洋生物资源开发利用协同创新中心,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第5期637-645,共9页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(201205021-2);国家贝类产业技术体系项目(CARS-48)

摘　　要：采用形态特征和微卫星分子标记对采自菲律宾（PH）、泰国（TH）、福建云霄（YX）、海南儋州（HN）和广西北海（BH）的5个地理群体的波纹巴非蛤（Paphia undulata）进行遗传多样性分析.形态差异分析结果显示,国外群体和国内群体形态差异明显：2个国外群体（PH和TH）形态接近,聚为一支;国内支系中,YX和HN群体的形态较近,先聚为一支,而BH群体的外部形态与前两者差异较大.Hardy-Weinberg平衡检验检测到所有群体在5个位点上均出现不同程度地偏离平衡.5个群体间遗传分化指数（FST,0.000 5～0.183 1）、基因流值（Nm,2.230 46～1 066.23）以及分子方差分析（AMOVA,群体间的变异贡献率为10.21%,p〈0.000 1）结果表明,群体间存在中等程度的分化.基于遗传距离的非加权组平均法（UPGMA）聚类分析显示：2个国外群体和3个国内群体分别聚为一支,再聚为一个整体;国内支系中,YX和BH群体先聚为一体,再与HN群体聚类.研究结果揭示了波纹巴非蛤较高的遗传多样性水平和中等程度的遗传分化水平,同时也暗示其现有的遗传分化程度受到人类生产活动的干扰.Genetic diversity of five populations of Paphia undulata sampled from Philippines（ PH）,Thailand（ TH）,Fujian Yunxiao（ YX）,Hainan Danzhou（ HN） and Guangxi Beihai（ BH） was studied using the morphological variation analysis and 8 micro-satellite markers.The morphological variations showed significant differences between the Chinese group and the exotic group.Within the Chinese group,the samples from YX and HN populations were rather similar in morphology,whereas BH population differed greatly from the above two populations.Meanwhile,significant departures from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed in 5 of the 8 microsatellite loci in all the 5 populations.The lines of FST（ 0. 000 5 to 0. 183 1）,Nm（ 2. 230 46 to 1 066. 23） and AMOVA analysis（ 10. 21% of genetic variation was distributed within groups with the significant value,P〈0. 000 1） across all populations indicated that there was medium level of divergence among the5 P. undulata populations.The UPGMA clustering tree based on genetic distance demonstrated that the populations of PH and TH clustered into one group,and the other three Chinese populations clustered into one other group.Within the Chinese group,the HN population clustered into one group,while the populations of YX and BH clustered together,which indicated that the YX population was more closely related to the BH population.In this study,high levels of genetic diversity within populations and moderate levels of genetic differentiation among populations were presented for P. undulata.Our data also revealed that the genetic pattern of P. undulata was likely to be disturbed by human-mediated passive dispersal via aquaculture activities.These results would provide scientific basis for the conservation and reasonable utilization of natural resources of P. undulata.

关 键 词：波纹巴非蛤 遗传多样性 形态特征 微卫星 地理群体 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]