紫外诱变及微波辐射对Alternaria mali强毒菌株致病力的影响  

Effects of ultraviolet lights and microwave irradiation on pathogenicity of Alternaria mali

作　　者：侯宝宏[1] 窦剑斌 王卫雄[1] 徐秉良[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2016年第4期52-57,共6页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家星火计划项目(2013GA860001);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203034);甘肃省农牧厅生物技术研究与应用开发项目(GNSW-2012-27)

摘　　要：【目的】减弱苹果斑点落叶病菌Alternaria mali Roberts强毒菌株致病力,以期为有效防治该病害的发生提供理论依据.【方法】采用紫外及微波辐射两种方法对Alternaria mali Roberts进行诱变,研究其致病力的变化.【结果】紫外辐射剂量、辐射距离和时长分别为10 W、10cm、5min时,可引起A.mali强毒菌株的负突变,致病力减小,6h后孢子萌发率为58.45%,4d后生物学活性显著低于原始菌株(P<0.05),其中产孢量为2×104个/mL,菌丝生长量为152.67mg,菌落直径为3.67cm,7d后发病率38.50%,病情指数为10.32;微波辐射60s,A.mali强毒菌株达到最低生物学活性(P<0.05),6h后孢子萌发率仅为1.83%,4d后产孢量为4×104个/mL,菌丝生长量为139.30mg,菌落直径为3.83cm,7d后发病率为31.94%,病情指数仅为7.87.【结论】紫外辐射可使Alternaria mali强毒菌株发生负突变,微波辐射可使Alternaria mali强毒菌株致病力减弱.【Objective】To study the ways to weak the pathogenicity of A.mali high virulence strain,and to provide theory basis for effectively control the disease.【Method】The high virulence strain of A.mali was mutated by ultraviolet lights and microwave irradiation,the variation of pathogenicity were studied.【Result】Under the doses of ultraviolet mutagenic were power for 10 W,irradiation distance for 10 cm and time for 5min,A.mali showed negative mutation,and pathogenic force decreased,the spore germination rate was only 58.45 % after 6hours,the quantities of spore production,hypha growth and the colony diameter were 2×104 individual/mL,152.67 mg and 3.67 cm respectively after 4days of incubation,and incidence rate and disease index were 38.50 % and 10.32 after 7days of incubation.Under the dose of microwave irradiation were power for 700 W and time for 60 seconds,the biological activity of A.mali mutants was the lowest,pathogenicity had the minimum,the spore germination rate was only 1.83% after 6hours,the quantities of spore production,hypha growth and the colony diameter were 4 ×104 individual/mL,139.30 mg and 3.83 cm respectively after 4days of incubation,and incidence rate and disease index were31.94 % and 7.87 after 7dof incubation.【Conclusion】Ultraviolet lights irradiation could cause the negative mutation,and microwave irradiation could weak the pathogenicity of A.mali high virulence strain.

关 键 词：ALTERNARIA MALI Roberts 紫外诱变 微波辐射 

分 类 号：S436.611[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]