原位一步合成CuAl-LDHs-聚磷酸铵及其在聚丙烯阻燃中的应用  

One-pot in situ synthesis of CuAl-LDHs-ammonium polyphosphate and application in polypropylene as flame retardant

作　　者：王百年[1] 王吉祥[1] 杨保俊[1] 葛礼响 尚松川 陈洋[1] WANG Bainian WANG Jixiang YANG Baojun GE Lixiang SHANG Songchuan CHEN Yang(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Chin)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学化学与化工学院,合肥230009

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2016年第9期1931-1938,共8页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

摘　　要：采用原位一步法合成铜铝类水滑石（CuAl-LDHs）,通过控制铝酸钠/聚磷酸铵（NaAlO2/APP）的质量比（0.82~3.28）合成CuAl-LDHs-APP。采用XRD、FTIR、SEM和TG对所制备的CuAl-LDHs及CuAl-LDHs-APP进行表征。采用极限氧指数（LOI）、垂直燃烧（UL-94）测试、弯曲及拉伸试验等考察了CuAl-LDHs/聚丙烯（PP）及CuAl-LDHs-APP/PP复合材料的阻燃性能及力学性能。SEM观察表明：LDHs结构为片状,随着NaAlO2与APP质量比的减小,CuAl-LDHs-APP颗粒粒径相应减小,当NaAlO2与APP的质量比为0.82时,CuAl-LDHsAPP颗粒粒径达到20nm左右,比表面积为183.5m2/g。TG分析表明：CuAl-LDHs-APP在高温下有较好的热稳定性。当PP中加入质量分数为20%的CuAl-LDHs及CuAl-LDHs-APP时,LDHs/PP复合材料表面形成炭层;当NaAlO2与APP质量比不大于1.64时,CuAl-LDHs-APP的添加可抑制PP燃烧时产生的熔滴现象;与CuAl-LDHs/PP复合材料相比,CuAl-LDHs-APP/PP复合材料具有更好的阻燃性能和力学性能;与PP材料相比,CuAl-LDHs-APP/PP复合材料的弯曲强度和拉伸强度等力学性能的下降也不明显。One-pot in situ approach had been employed to prepare Cu-Al layered double hydroxides（CuAl-LDHs）.Through controlling the mass ratio（0.82-3.28）of sodium aluminate/ammonium polyphosphate（NaAlO2/APP）,CuAl-LDHs-APP was prepared.XRD,FTIR,SEM and TG were utilized to characterize the prepared CuAl-LDHs and CuAl-LDHs-APP.The fire retardancy and mechanical properties of CuAl-LDHs/polypropylene（PP）and CuAlLDHs-APP/PP composites were evaluated by limiting oxygen index（LOI）,vertical burning（UL-94）test,as well as flexural and tensile tests.SEM observation indicates that the structure of LDHs is sheet-like,with the mass ratio of NaAlO2 and APP decreasing,the particle size of CuAl-LDHs-APP reduces accordingly,when the mass ratio of NaAlO2 and APP is 0.82,particle size of CuAl-LDHs-APP reaches about 20 nm,with specific surface area of183.5m2/g.TG analysis shows that CuAl-LDHs-APP has preferable thermostability at high temperature.When20% mass fraction of CuAl-LDHs and CuAl-LDHs-APP is added in PP,the surface of LDHs/PP composites is covered with char.When the mass ratio of NaAlO2 and APP is no more than 1.64,the addition of CuAl-LDHs-APP can suppress the melting drop phenomenon caused by PP combustion.CuAl-LDHs-APP/PP composite has superior flame retardant and mechanical properties compared with CuAl-LDHs/PP composite.Decreases of mechanical properties of CuAl-LDHs-APP/PP composite such as flexural strength and tensile strength etc.are not obvious compared with PP materials.

关 键 词：类水滑石 聚磷酸铵 阻燃 纳米 聚丙烯 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]