茶树良种场不同品种的SSR鉴定研究  

SSR Cultivar Identifications of Premium Teas

作　　者：姜燕华 张成才[2] 成浩[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁波市宁海县农林局,浙江宁波315600 [2]中国农业科学院茶叶研究所/国家茶树改良中心,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《茶叶学报》2016年第3期105-112,共8页Acta Tea Sinica

基　　金：宁波市林业科技项目(2014L02)

摘　　要：以宁海县桥头胡镇汶溪茶叶良种场的15个茶树品种的叶片为试验材料,每个待鉴定品种随机选择3-4个单株作为待测样本,以国家茶树种质资源圃品种作为标准品种,采用SSR技术检测待测品种与档案记载情况是否相符。试验结果表明：通过21对SSR引物的PCR扩增,良种场中的‘龙井43’、‘安吉白茶’和‘迎霜’的SSR标记数与其对应的标准品种完全一致,说明这3个品种保持原品种的特征特性;‘歌乐茶’、‘劲峰’和‘平阳特早’3个品种部分样本的标记数与其对应的标准品种一致,说明这3个品种中的部分单株出现某种程度的变异;‘早逢春’、‘碧云’、‘竹紫春’、‘乌牛早’、‘水谷茶’和‘福鼎大白茶’6个品种的标记数与其对应的标准品种出现不一致,说明这6个品种在良种场繁育过程中出现同名异物或同物异名的错误;良种场中的‘银片’、‘鸠坑种’和‘紫笋’无法确定其是否属于相应的标准品种,说明在良种收集过程中,无法弄清品种的来源。通过本研究纠正了品种收集过程中出现的错误,指出了品种繁育过程中出现的突变。SSR was applied to determine the authenticity of 15 tea cultivars at a farm for preserving premium tea plants. The leaves from 3 to 4 individual plants of each cultivar were randomly collected for the test to compare with those from the respective standard varieties preserved at the China National Germplasm Tea Repository in Hangzhou. Twenty SSR markers were selected for the analysis and comparison. It was found that Longjing 43, Anjibaicha, and Yingshuang teas, as well as a few Gelecha, Jinfeng, and Pingyang Tezao plants, were genetically identical with the reference standards？ and 6 cultivars of Zaofengchun, Biyun, Zhuzichun, Wuniuzao？ Shuigucha？ and Fuding Dabaicha deviated from the standards, while the identifications for Yinpian, Jiukengzhong, and Zisun could not be determined. The deviations suggested possible errors in cultivar collection, mislabeling, and/or mutation occurred during cultivation of the cultivars at the farm. The results provided the basic information for a full and accurate utilization of the collected germplasms in the repository farm. They also indicated that the genotypes and cluster diagram obtained from the SSR method could adequately be used to preliminarily identify the clonal tea cultivars. For the sexual variety, however, further study is required.

关 键 词：茶树 SSR 品种鉴定 无性系 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] Q311[农业科学—作物学]