化肥磷酸二铵对花背蟾蜍蝌蚪发育的影响  

The effect of chemical fertilizer DAP on Bufo raddei tadpoles

作　　者：高凤娟[1] 李丕鹏[1] 陆宇燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学两栖爬行动物研究所辽宁省生物进化与生物多样性重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《蛇志》2016年第3期256-259,共4页Journal of Snake

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(30870276)

摘　　要：目的为了探究化肥磷酸二铵对两栖类幼体发育的影响。方法以花背蟾蜍(Bufo raddei)蝌蚪为研究对象,用化肥磷酸二铵(DAP)进行染毒培育,并依据Gosner(1960)分期标准,将蝌蚪分为G0实验组和G20实验组,分别暴露于浓度为0.045g/L、0.135g/L、0.225g/L的DAP水溶液中,直至蝌蚪完成变态发育,并对孵化率、死亡率、畸形率以及发育时程等参数进行统计分析。结果随着化肥DAP浓度的升高,孵化率逐渐下降,但对照组与各侵染组之间均无显著性差异;侵染组蝌蚪死亡率均高于对照组,均呈极显著性差异(P<0.01),且G20侵染组明显高于G0侵染组;蝌蚪畸形可分为四大类,侵染组蝌蚪畸形率均高于对照组,且均呈极显著性差异(P<0.01),畸形率随着DAP浓度的升高而增加;完成变态发育所用时程,侵染组明显长于对照组。结论化肥磷酸二铵对蝌蚪发育具有显著影响及损伤。Objective In order to explore the effect of chemical fertilizer DAP on amphibian tadpoles develop‐ment . Methods In Bufo raddei tadpoles as the research object ,using fertilizer diammonium phosphate （DAP） treated with cultivation .According to Gosner＇s staging criteria ,the tadpoles were divided into G0 group and G20 group and exposed to DAP solution on the concentration of 0.045 g/L ,0.135 g/L ,and 0.225 g/L respectively .Sta‐tistics data recorded in the growth‐related indexes of Bufo raddei tadpoles include：hatching rate ,mortality ,de‐formity rateand developmental time . Results The results of growth experiments showed that with the increase of DAP concentration ,the hatching rate decreased gradually .The mortality of tadpoles in the infection group was higher than that in the control group ,and there was a significant difference between the infection group and control group （P〈0.01） .The deformity rate of tadpoles in the infection group was higher than that in the control group , and there was a significant difference between the infection group and control group （P〈 0.01） ,in the infection group with the same starting point ,with the increase of DAP concentration ,the deformity rate was significantly in‐creased .The developmental time of the infection group was compared with that of the control group ,and there were different degrees of extension . Conclusion DAP fertilizer has a significant impact and damage to the develop‐ment of tadpoles .

关 键 词：化肥 磷酸二铵 花背蟾蜍 蝌蚪 孵化率 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]