小麦秸秆翻埋还田对水稻秧苗生长及土壤性状的影响  

Effect of Wheat Straw Residue Incorporation on Characteristics of Rice Seedling Growth and Soil Properties

作　　者：黄晶[1] 王学春[1] 郅正鸿 陶诗顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2016年第3期276-281,共6页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划重大项目"国家粮食丰产科技工程"(2013BAD07B13);绵阳市科技局项目(2015NZ0083);西南科技大学博士基金(14zx7158)

摘　　要：【目的】探明小麦秸秆翻埋还田对移栽水稻前期生长及土壤性状的影响。【方法】以小麦秸秆覆盖还田(RM)与秸秆不还田(RR)处理为对比,分析小麦秸秆翻埋还田(RI)对移栽水稻秧苗生长发育与土壤性状(pH、电导率、氧化还原电位及二价铁离子)的影响。【结果】RI降低了移栽水稻生长前期秧苗分蘖数、鲜重和干重;从水稻移栽至晒田初期,与RM和RR处理相比,RI处理提高了土壤水溶液电导率与二价铁离子(Fe^(2+))含量,降低了土壤pH与氧化还原电位;不同秸秆处理方式对水稻产量及其构成因素没有显著影响。【结论】小麦秸秆翻埋还田对移栽水稻生长前期造成明显影响,但对产量及其构成因素影响较小;小麦秸秆翻埋还田影响移栽水稻前期生长的原因可能与土壤pH、电导率、氧化还原电位及Fe^(2+)的变化有关。[Objective] In order to explore the impact of straw returning patterns on the early growth stage of transplanted rice seedlings and the properties of paddy soil. [Method] In this research, compare with residue mulch （RM） and residue remove （RR）, a field experiment was carried out on wheat straw residue incorporation （RI）, to determine the characteristics of the agronomic traits of rice seedlings after transplant and soil properties （i.e., pH, electrical conductivity, oxidation reduction potential and Fe2＋ concentration）. [Results] Compared to that for RR and RM, RI decreased tiller number, fresh weight and dry weight of rice seedlings. From rice transplanting to the early period of soil aeration, RI increased electrical conductivity and Fe2＋ concentration, but decreased soil pH and oxidation reduction potential. No significant effect of wheat straw returning patterns on effective tiller number, grain number per panicle, 1 000-grain weight and yield was observed. [Conclusion] Wheat straw residue incorporation caused negative effects on rice seedlings, but no significant effect on rice yield and its components was observed. The change in soil properties, including pH, electrical conductivity, oxidation reduction potential and Fe2＋ concentration, might have important contribution to the stunted growth of rice seedlings.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 水稻僵苗 土壤性状 小麦一水稻两熟 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S511[农业科学—作物学]