两法衔接难题:宜地方人大立法分类破解——以环保行政执法与刑事司法衔接为例的分析  

The Problem of the Linkage between Administrative Enforcement and Criminal Justice: Classified Solution by Law of the Local People's Congress——The analysis of the implementation of the new Environmental Protection Law

作　　者：吕敬美 苏喆[2] LV Jing-mei SU Zhe(People＇s Procuratorate of Guangling District Yangzhou City Jiangsu Province,Yangzhou 225127 Law School, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000 China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省扬州市广陵区人民检察院,江苏扬州225127 [2]扬州大学法学院,江苏扬州225000

出　　处：《河北法学》2016年第10期118-128,共11页Hebei Law Science

基　　金：江苏高校"2011计划"区域法制发展协同创新中心科研成果

摘　　要：行政执法和刑事司法之间衔接的问题在某种意义上已经成为地方法治水平的标志。新《环境保护法》实施中各地行政执法和刑事司法衔接的难易程度可见一斑。虽然国务院2001年通过的《行政执法机关移送涉嫌犯罪案件的规定》和党的十八届三中全会决定都明确提出两法衔接的要求,四中、五中全会都强调推进司法改革,但两法衔接的操作并不顺畅,障碍的根子在于行政系统牵头多部门参与这种运动式、大水漫灌的行政主导模式取代了人大立法主导检察机关牵头的模式。两法衔接必须分门别类在单行法律和地方法规中具体规定。《环境保护法》缺乏操作性规定,《人民检察院组织法》第5条规定的各级人民检察院的职权范围过于狭窄,造成了环保法实施的瓶颈。当下,惟有地方人大通过立法确定检察机关在两法衔接中的枢纽地位,《环境保护法》实施中的两法衔接才能顺畅,环境违法行为才能得到法律的有力惩治,环保执法才能从"棉花棒"变成"杀手锏"。The linkage between administrative enforcement and criminal justice in the implementation of Environmental Protection Law has the feature of importance and urgency. Although Provision of Administrative Law Enforcement Authority to Transfer Alleged Crimes approved by the State Council in 2001 and the decisions made by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the CPC have both clearly make demands on the linkage, there are still obstacles in practice. The root cause is that the legislature dominated mode of the NPC Standing committee has been replaced by the campaign-style administration-oriented mode involving many departments led by the administrative system, which complicate individual case. The key to link up administrative enforcement and criminal justice is to offer and classify stipulations in separate laws. However, there is no relevant provision in Environmental Protection Law, and the functions and powers of People＇s Procuratorates at all levels granted by Article 5 of the Organic Law of the People -s Procuratorates are so limited that causes the bottleneck in the implementation of Environmental Protection law. Only by establishing the hub status of procuratorial organs can solve the problem of the linkage mentioned above in the implementation of Environmental Protection Law, inflict severe punishments on the environmental illegal activities, and finally turn the environmental protection law enforcement from the ＂cotton swab＂ into the ＂killer app＂.

关 键 词：环保部门 检察机关 法律监督 职能定位 人大立法 

分 类 号：DF8[政治法律—法学]