植物叶的波动性不对称对空气污染的响应及其指示功能  

Leaf Fluctuating Asymmetry in Response to Air Pollution and Indicator Function

作　　者：石辉[1] 武云飞[1] 唐占铎 王会霞[1,2] 王彦辉[2] SHI Hui WU Yunfei TANG Zhanduo WANG Huixia WANG Yanhui(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi＇an University of Architecture and Technology, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering in Shaanxi Province, Xi＇an 710055 Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forest, Beijing 100091)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西省环境工程重点实验室,西安710055 [2]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2016年第7期1450-1455,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金重点项目(2014JZ011);国家林业公益专项(201304301-05)

摘　　要：植物发育的波动性不对称(fluctuating asymmetry,FA)与环境之间具有密切的关系。该研究以城市常用绿化树种大叶女贞(Ligustrum lucidum Ait.)和小叶女贞(Ligustrum quihoui Carr.)为对象,在西安市区9个空气质量监测点采集了两树种成熟叶片样品,以叶脉为对称轴测定叶左右两边的半宽度、半周长和半面积,计算其相应FA,考察植物叶片FA对空气环境条件变化的响应特征,探讨叶FA作为空气质量指标的可行性。结果表明:大叶女贞叶周长(FAP)、宽度(FAW)和面积(FAA)波动性不对称分别为0.051、0.063和0.082,小叶女贞分别为0.043、0.082和0.102,均以FAA最大,FAP最小;FAP、FAW和FAA在树种间、立地环境间均具有极显著的差异;两树种的FAP与空气中SO_2浓度之间存在显著相关性。可见,大叶女贞和小叶女贞叶的波动性不对称特征对不同环境条件具有敏感的反应,具有作为生物监测指标的潜力,但在合适监测物种和叶特征指标的选择、样本数确定以及FA与空气特征污染物的关系等方面有待深入探讨。The fluctuating asymmetry （FA） of biological development stability has a close relationship with environmental conditions .The Ligustrum lucidum and L .quihoui were selected as experimental materi-als ,which are commonly urban greening tree species in Xi’an .The mature leaves of these plants were sampled from 9 air environmental monitoring sites .The leaf half-perimeter ,half-width ,and half-area were measured and the each FA was calculated ,which the vein is symmetry axis .The response characteristics of 2 kinds leaf FA to envrionmental air condition were researched ,and the potential of leaf FA as an air quality indicator was explored .The values of fluctuating asymmetry of perimeter ,width ,and area （abbre-viated as FAP ,FAW and FAA ,respectively ） were 0 .051 ,0 .063 and 0 .082 for L .lucidum ,respectively . The FAP ,FAW and FAA of L .quihoui were 0 .043 ,0 .082 and 0 .102 ,respectively .The each FA showed＆amp;nbsp;significant differences between different plant species sampling sites and enviromental sites .There were close relationship between the FAP and air SO2 concentrations for each plant species .The leaf FA has high sensitivity to different environmental conditions ,and it has the potential as a biological monitoring indica-tor .However ,the choice of suitable species for monitoring ,leaf characteristic indexes ,the number of samples ,FA and characteristics of pollutants relations should further research .

关 键 词：叶片 波动性不对称 发育稳定性 空气污染 环境质量 

分 类 号：Q945.11[生物学—植物学]