落叶松和水曲柳带状混交对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响  

Effects of mixed Fraxinus mandshurica and Larix olgensis plantation on the function diversity of soil microbial community

作　　者：邓娇娇[1] 周永斌[1] 杨立新[1] 张淞著 李慧[1] 魏亚伟[1] 邓继峰[1] 秦胜金[1] 朱文旭[1] DENG Jiao-jiao ZHOU Yong-bin YANG Li-xin ZHANG Song-zhu LI Hui WEI Ya-wei DENG Ji-feng QIN Sheng-jin ZHU Wen-xu(College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China）.)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学林学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2016年第10期2684-2691,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：辽宁省宜林地营林决策平台构建及示范项目(201304216);国家自然科学基金项目(41450007);东北森林生态要素全指标观测技术研究项目(201404303-05)资助

摘　　要：为了探讨造林模式对土壤理化性质和微生物群落功能多样性的影响,以辽宁省新宾陡岭水曲柳(Fraxinus mandshurica)、长白落叶松(Larix olgensis)人工纯林及二者混交林土壤为研究对象,对不同林型土壤pH值、养分含量和土壤微生物活性进行研究,对3种人工林土壤微生物代谢功能多样性进行分析。结果表明:混交林土壤全氮、速效氮、全磷和速效磷分别比落叶松纯林增加28.1%、35.6%、9.5%和12.9%;不同人工林土壤微生物群落代谢活性差异显著,总碳源的利用能力(AWCD)的顺序为水曲柳林>混交林>落叶松林,落叶松纯林土壤微生物代谢最慢,活性最弱;3种不同人工林土壤微生物群落对六大碳源的利用率存在差异,混交林在L-精氨酸、L-天门冬酰胺、丙酮酸甲酯、腐胺、N-乙酰-D-葡萄糖胺、D-半乳糖醛酸、D-葡萄糖胺酸和4-羟基苯甲酸等8种碳源的利用能力显著高于落叶松纯林;主成分分析显示,糖类和氨基酸类碳源是影响微生物活性的重要碳源;3种不同人工林土壤微生物优势度指数无显著差异,物种丰富度指数依次为水曲柳林>混交林>落叶松林;落叶松和水曲柳带状混交后可以提高土壤肥力及土壤微生物活性。In order to evaluate the effect of afforestation mode on soil physical and chemical properties and the function diversity of microbial community, we studied soil pH, nutrient content and metabolism function diversity of soil microorganisms in three plantation forests, including pure co- niferous forest （Larix olgensis） , pure broadleaf ash forest （Fraxinus mandshurica） , and their mixed forest （F. mandshurica ＋ L. olgensis） in Douling, Xinbin of Liaoning Province. The results showed that, compared to the coniferous forest, the concentrations of total N, available N, total P and available P in the mixed forest increased by 37.1%, 35.6%, 9.5% and 12.9%, respectively. Total carbon source utilization capacity （AWCD） by soil microbial communities was in the order of F. mandshurica forest 〉 mixed forest 〉 L. olgensis forest, indicating that soil mi- crobial metabolic activity in L. olgensis forest was the lowest. There were differences in microbial utilization rate of six major carbon sources among the three forests. The mixed forest had signifi- cantly higher microbial utilization rates in L-arginine, L-asparagine, pyruvic acid methyl ester, putrescine, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, D-galacturonic acid, D-glucosaminic acid, and 4-hydroxy- benzoic acid （ eight kinds of carbon source） than the coniferous forest. Principal component ana- lysis showed that carbohydrate and amino acids were important factors affecting soil metabolic activity. There was no significant difference in Simpson＇ s diversity index of soil microbes among the three forests. The Shannon＇ s index was in order of F. mandshurica forest 〉 mixed forest 〉 L. olgensis forest. Our results demonstrated that planting F. mandshurica and L. olgensis trees togeth- er can improve soil fertility and promote soil microbial activity.

关 键 词：微生物功能多样性 碳源利用 土壤理化性质 主成分分析 Biolog微平板法 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]