陆域天然气水合物形成条件理论研究及其对青南多年冻土区水合物勘查的启示  

Review and Progress:Theoretical Research on Formation Conditions of the Land Gas Hydrate and Its Implications for Hydrate Exploration in Permafrost Regions in Southern Qinghai Province

作　　者：王进寿[1,2] 郑有业[1] 黄朝晖[3] 陈静[2] 胡道功[4] 卢振权[5] 何皎[2] Wang Jinshou Zheng Youye Huang Zhaohui Chen Jing Hu Daogong Lu Zhenquan He Jiao(Faculty of Earth Resources, China University of Geoscices, Wuhan 430037, China Qinghai Institute of Geological Survey, The Northern Oinghai-Tibet Plateau Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Laboratory, Xining 810012, China Museum of Land and Resources of Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China Institute oI Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Science, Beijing 100081, China Oil and Gas Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100029, China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院,武汉430074 [2]青海省地质调查院青藏高原北部地质过程与矿产资源重点实验室,西宁810012 [3]青海国土资源博物馆,西宁810001 [4]中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京100081 [5]中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心,北京100029

出　　处：《地质科技情报》2016年第5期139-147,共9页Geological Science and Technology Information

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目"祁连山及邻区天然气水合物资源调查"(1212010818055)

摘　　要：陆域天然气水合物作为一种未来开发潜力最大的非常规清洁能源而备受各国政府青睐,目前国内外对陆域水合物形成条件的研究集中于4个重点方向:温度-压力、气源、气体运移及水合物的圈闭,大量的研究表明最为直接的条件为温度-压力和气源,而圈闭则决定水合物的成藏规模。同时水合物的形成机制也成为研究的热点。近年来,我国学者依据陆域水合物形成的温压条件而做出的理论预测曾成功地指导了祁连山冻土区水合物的发现。然而,地处海拔4 600多米的北羌塘青南冻土区有着比祁连山水合物产出地更佳的水合物形成条件,但至今未获得找矿成果突破,还存在二叠系烃源岩中有机质的沉积环境不明、气体成因不清及烃源岩综合评价缺乏标准等诸多问题。对国内外在水合物形成条件等方面进展的总结将给青南地区今后水合物勘查诸多有益的启示,如冻土厚度及类型、烃气成因、断层、圈闭和储层等因素对水合物形成及成藏等方面的影响。Land gas hydrates,as a potential future unconventional clean energy with largest potential is highly favored by governments.Currently,researches on land hydrate formation conditions are concentrated on four key directions：temperature-pressure,gas source,hydrocarbon gas migration and traps.Many studies show that temperature-pressure and gas source are the most straightforward conditions,and the traps determine the size of hydrate accumulation.At the same time,the formation mechanism of hydrate is becoming a hot spot.In recent years,scholars in China have successfully discovered gas hydrates in Qilian permafrost based on the hydrate formational temperature and pressure conditions.However,the northern Qiangtang,located at an altitude of 4 600 meters,has better conditions of the hydrate output than Qilian mountains,but has not yet fully studied,leaving some unsolved problems such as sedimentary environment of organic gas in the Permian hydrocarbon source rocks,genesis of hydrocarbon gas and hydrocarbon source rock evaluation.The summary of the progress of hydrate formation conditions at home and abroad provides a green future and beneficial enlightenment for the hydrate exploration in the southern Qinghai Province,such as frozen soil thickness and types,hydrocarbon gas causes,fault trap and the reservoir factors,as the impact on hydrate formation and accumulation.

关 键 词：天然气水合物 形成条件 多年冻土区 青南 勘查 综述 启示 

分 类 号：TE122.21[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]