最小二乘偏移方法研究进展综述  

Overview of progress in least squares migration studying

作　　者：李江[1] 李庆春[1] 张向辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,西安710054 [2]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司油气勘探公司,延安716000

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2016年第4期1601-1607,共7页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41374145)资助

摘　　要：最小二乘偏移是一种基于线性化反演理论的真振幅成像方法,其思路是在宏观背景模型的基础上估计出一个最优化的扰动部分对偏移结果进行迭代更新.该方法具有更高的成像精度,是实现地震成像理论由常规地下岩性的几何结构描述向真振幅成像的推进和发展,也是实现高精度储层反演的关键.本文阐述了最小二乘偏移的基本原理,指出了最小二乘偏移与常规偏移的本质区别;介绍了最小二乘偏移的发展历程及研究现状;分析了最小二乘偏移实现过程中的核心问题—Hessian矩阵和反演解的约束条件;探讨了最小二乘偏移存在的问题及今后的的发展趋势,为最小二乘偏移的进一步研究提供参考.Based on the linear inversion theory,Least squares migration（ LSM） is a kind of true-amplitude migration; its ideas is based on the macro background model to estimate an optimal perturbation part in order to iteratively update the migration result.For its higher imaging precision,least squares migration not only is the promotion and development of seismic imaging theory from conventional lithology geometric description to the true-amplitude migration,but also is the key to achieve high precision reservoir inversion. In this paper,we described the principle of least squares migration,analyzed the essential different between least squares migration and conventional migration,introduced its history and research status,and also analyzed the core problems in processing：Hessian matrix and the constraint conditions of inversion solutions.Finally,we discussed the problems and pointed out the developing trend. For doing this, we provided a reference for the further research of least squares migration.

关 键 词：最小二乘偏移 真振幅成像 HESSIAN矩阵 研究进展 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]