燕麦镰刀菌GD-2产除草活性物质的初步研究  

Primary Study of Herbicidal Active Metabolites fromFusarium avenaceum GD-2

作　　者：程亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省农林科学院植物保护研究所青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室农业部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站,西宁810016

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2016年第7期1074-1079,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30860165;31160371);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD19B02);青海大学中青年科研基金(2015-QNY-2);农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303022)~~

摘　　要：为明确燕麦镰刀菌（Fusarium avenaceum）中除草活性物质,以野燕麦种子为靶标,采用活性追踪法,对燕麦镰刀菌正丁醇萃取物进行活性成分分离和活性测定.正丁醇萃取液旋转蒸发去溶剂后进行硅胶柱层析,以二氯甲烷和甲醇的混合液进行梯度洗脱,每50 mL收集为一个馏分,共收集到50个馏分.生物测定结果表明：以二氯甲烷和甲醇的体积比为20∶1的混合液,洗脱得到的馏分24～27对供试杂草野燕麦表现出较强的活性,其对野燕麦的除草抑制作用均为4级.合并馏分24～27,以二氯甲烷和甲醇的体积比为15∶1的混合液作为展开剂进行薄层层析（TLC）,通过生物测定结果表明,Rf值在0.47～0.58的活性条带对野燕麦有较强的除草抑制活性,对野燕麦的除草抑制作用达到5级.HPLC分析发现,该活性条带主要含有3个组分,最大吸收峰在260 nm,其保留时间分别为6.378、19.721和22.403 min.In order to study herbicidal substances of Fusariurn avenaceum against wild oat, Avenafat- ua L. seeds was used to screen herbicidal components from n-butanol extracts by bioassay. The n-bu- tanol extracts were separated gradually by silica gel column using dichloromethane and methanol mix- tures （V ： V=20 ： 1） as the developers. Eluents were collected in each 50 mL and 50 fractions were used for bioassay. The results revealed that fraction 24-27 showed strong activity against Avenafat- ua L. with the inhibition level of 4. The combined fractions of 24-27 were eluted with the mixture of dichloromethane and methanol （V ： V=15 ： 1） as the developer and active bands were collected. Bio- assay results showed that the bands with Rf 0.47-0.5B had the stronger inhibitory activity against Avenafatua L. and the inhibition to weed reached four degree. HPLC analysis suggested that this fraction mainly contained 3 components and had the maximum absorption peak at 260 nm, the reten- tion time of which was 6. 378, 19. 721 and 22. 403 rain respectively.

关 键 词：燕麦镰刀菌 除草活性 分离纯化 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]