两种人工气道湿化方法对喉癌手术气管切开患者的护理效果比较  

Comparison of the nursing effects of two types of humidification in artificial airway in the patients receiving tracheotomy in the surgery of laryngeal carcinoma

作　　者：储冬吟[1] 秦小夜 

机构地区：[1]江苏省连云港市第一人民医院37病区,江苏连云港222002

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2016年第25期143-145,共3页China Modern Doctor

摘　　要：目的探讨喉癌手术患者气管切开后两种人工气道湿化方法的护理效果。方法选取2013年1月～2016年5月在我科行喉癌手术的患者60例，随机分为对照组30例与观察组30例，对照组采取常规间断呼吸道湿化法，观察组采取气管切开面罩湿化法，比较两组患者的痰痴、刺激性咳嗽、气管套管出血、皮下气肿、咽瘘发生情况及术后3d日均吸痰次数和吸痰时平均血氧饱和度，并进行统计学分析。结果观察组和对照组患者在痰痂形成方面差异无统计学意义（χ^2=1．456，P〉0．05）。观察组在刺激性咳嗽和气管套管出血、皮下气肿并发症方面显著低于对照组（χ^2=-29．432、4．320、4．043，P〈0．05）。观察组与对照组术后3d日均吸痰次数和吸痰时平均血氧饱和度差异有统计学意义（t=10．223、8．673，P〈0．05）。结论与间断呼吸道湿化法比较，气管切开面罩湿化法既可减轻患者术后刺激性咳嗽，减少吸痰次数，降低相关并发症发生率和SpO：下降程度，又可提高气道湿化的效果，对喉癌术后气管切开患者气道湿化具有重要意义。Objective To explore the nursing effects of two types of humidification in artificial airway in the patients receiving tracheotomy in the surgery of laryngeal carcinoma. Methods 60 patients receiving the surgery of laryngeal carcinoma in our department from January 2013 to May 2016 were selected. They were randomly assigned to the control group and the observation group, with 30 patients in each group. The control group was given regular intermittent humidification in airway, and the observation group was given tracheotomy mask humidification method. Sputum scab, irritable cough, trachea cannula bleeding, subcutaneous emphysema, and pharyngeal fistula, as well as average times of sputum aspiration daily and average oxygen saturation during sputum aspiration 3 days after the surgery were compared between the two groups. Statistical analysis was conducted. Results The difference of sputum scab formation between the observation group and the control group was not statistically significant （χ^2=1.456, P〉0.05）. The incidence rate of complications including irritable cough, trachea cannula bleeding, and subcutaneous emphysema in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group （χ^2=29.432, 4.320, 4.043, P〈0.05）. The differences of average times of sputum aspiration daily and average oxygen saturation during sputum aspiration 3 days after the surgery in the observation group and the control group were statistically significant（t=10.223, 8.673, P〈0.05）. Conclusion Intermittent humidification in airway is compared. Tracheotomy mask humidification method is not only able to alleviate postoperative irritable cough, reduce times of sputum aspiration and reduce the incidence rate of relevant complications and SpO2 decreasing degree, and also able to improve the effects of airway humidification, which plays an important role in airway humidification in the patients receiving tracheotomy in the surgery of laryngeal carcinoma.

关 键 词：气管切开术 间断呼吸道湿化 气管切开面罩湿化 刺激性咳嗽 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]