三株假单胞菌低温噬菌体生物学特性比较研究  

Biological Characteristics of Three Pseudomonas Cold-active Bacteriophages

作　　者：李明源[1,2] 王继莲 任羽 季秀玲[3] 古丽巴哈尔.萨吾提 

机构地区：[1]喀什大学生命与地理科学学院叶尔羌绿洲生态与生物资源研究重点实验室,喀什844006 [2]新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用重点实验室,阿拉尔843300 [3]昆明理工大学生命科学与技术学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2016年第9期123-130,共8页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区高等学校科研计划项目(XJEDU2014S052);新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地资源保护利用重点实验室开放课题(BRYB1302)

摘　　要：对分离自东帕米尔高原喀拉库勒湖和云南明永冰川的3株假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)低温噬菌体Muztag BP1、Muztag BP2和MYBP2A-15的生物学特征开展研究。以双层平板法培养噬菌体,观察噬菌斑特征,采用透射电镜观察经磷钨酸负染的噬菌体颗粒形态,比较分析了3株噬菌体的增殖温度、热稳定性、p H稳定性、化学试剂敏感性及一步生长曲线等特性。结果表明,3株噬菌体宿主虽然同属假单胞菌,但形态及生物学特征明显不同。3株噬菌体均属头尾型结构,其中Muztag BP1、MYBP2A-15头部呈正多面体对称,直径约68 nm和74 nm,具收缩尾,长度分别约130 nm、160 nm,初步鉴定为肌尾噬菌体科(Myoviridae);Muztag BP2头部直径约82 nm,尾管细长,约640 nm,归属为长尾噬菌体科(Siphoviridae);3株噬菌体均具热不稳定性,对紫外有一定耐受性;Muztag BP1对氯仿、异丙醇和乙醚极其敏感,推断其核衣壳外含有脂膜包被,Muztag BP2和MYBP2A-15对氯仿、异丙醇和乙醚不敏感,其核衣壳外无脂质成分;一步生长曲线显示3株噬菌体的潜伏期、裂解期和裂解量各异。Three cold-active bacteriophages infected Pseudomonas named MuztagBP1, MuztagBP2, and MYBP2A-15 were isolated from Karakul Lake of East Pamir and Mingyong glacier, and their biological characteristics were studied. All the phages cultured by double- layer agar method were characterized by observing the shape of plaque, and the morphologies of plaque particles were observed by the electron microscopic after negative staining of phosphotungstic acid. The physiological characteristics of 3 phages such as the proliferation temperature, the stability to heat and pI-I, the sensitivity to chemical reagent, and the one-step growth curves were compared and analyzed. The results indicated that the morphologies and biological characteristics differed significanily though the host of 3 phages belonged to the same genus of Pseudomonas. Three phages were in the same type with the structure of head to tail. Among them, both MuztagBP1 and MYBP2A-15 had an isometric head （ about 68 nm and 74 nm in diameter ） with a contractile tail （ about 130 nm and 160 nm in length respectively ） ; and they were identified as the family of Myoviridae. While MuztagBP2 belonged to the family of Siphoviridae that had a long tail （ about 640 nm in length ） . All the phages presented thermolability and UV resistance. MuztagBP1 was extremely sensitive to chloroform, isopropyl alcohol and ether, which indicated that MuztagBPl was a cold-active phage with a lipid envelope, while MuztagBP2 and MYBP2A-15 were not so. The one-step growth curves demonstrated that the latent period, burst period, and burst size of 3 phages were different.

关 键 词：喀拉库勒湖 假单胞菌 低温噬菌体 

分 类 号：Q939.48[生物学—微生物学]