水平井分段压裂簇间应力作用分析  

Analysis of stress effect between clusters of staged fracturing in horizontal wells

作　　者：常鑫 程远方[1] 时贤[1] 韩修廷[1,2] 唐梅荣[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266580 [2]大庆油田有限责任公司技术发展部,黑龙江大庆163453 [3]长庆油田油气工艺研究院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《中国海上油气》2016年第2期109-119,共11页China Offshore Oil and Gas

基　　金："十二五"国家科技重大专项"大型油气田及煤层气开发(编号:2011ZX05037-004)";教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划"海洋油气井钻完井理论与工程(编号:IRT1086)"部分研究成果

摘　　要：水平井分段压裂是开发页岩气、致密气等非常规油气藏的重要技术措施,而缝间应力干扰的存在使得裂缝的延伸和形态异常复杂,如何确定合理的射孔簇间距成为当前亟待解决的问题。基于断裂力学和流体力学基本理论,建立了水平井分段压裂多簇同步扩展流固耦合模型,分析了储层特性和压裂施工参数对缝间应力干扰程度以及多裂缝扩展的影响规律。模拟计算表明:每条张开裂缝都会对邻近裂缝产生一附加应力场,在其作用下各射孔簇裂缝形态和扩展路径发生明显变化,特别是内侧裂缝由于受两侧裂缝诱导应力的叠加作用,裂缝发育受到强烈的抑制;射孔簇间距、弹性模量、压裂液排量和黏度等对各簇裂缝形态影响显著,而射孔密度的影响较小。现场应用表明,本文所建水平井分段压裂多簇同步扩展流固耦合模型对水平井分段压裂设计及工艺参数优化具有较好的指导意义。Staged fracturing in horizontal wells is critical for shale gas, tight gas and other unconventional gas pro- duction. However, owing to the existence of stress interference between fractures, which makes the extension and morphology of fractures extremely complicated, the determination of reasonable spacing between perforation clus- ters has become an urgent problem. Based on the basic theories of rock fracture mechanics and fluid mechanics, a fluid-solid coupling model simulating simultaneous propagation of multi-stage fracturing in a horizontal well was es- tablished, then the influences of reservoir properties and fracturing operation parameters on the stress effect be- tween clusters and the fracture propagation pattern were analyzed. The simulation results show that each hydraulic fracture would exert an additional stress field on nearby fractures, resulting in remarkable change of fracture mor- phology and extension path. Any fracture in between are strongly compressed by the fractures on both sides, and a significant restriction of fracture development would occur. The perforation cluster spacing, elastic modulus, pumping rates and fluid viscosity all have a significant impact on fracture morphology, while the impact of perfora- tion density is weak. Furthermore, the field application shows that the model has guiding significance for the de- sign of staged fracturing in horizontal wells and the optimization of operation parameters.

关 键 词：水平井 分段压裂 簇间距 流固耦合 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]