M-14复合生物肥料抗小麦孢囊线虫及增产效果  

Yield-increasing Effect and Resistance against Wheat Cereal Cyst Nematode of M-14 Composite Biological Fertilizer

作　　者：王继雯[1,2] 赵俊杰[1,2] 刘莉[1,2] 刘杏忠[3] 杨文玲[1,2] 岳丹丹[1,2] 巩涛[1,2] 杜志敏[1,2] 李冠杰[1,2] 甄静[1,2] 慕琦[2] 陈国参[1,2] WANG Jiwen ZHAO Junjie LIU Li LIU Xingzhong YANG Wenling YUE Dandan GONG Tao DU Zimin LI Guanjie ZHEN Jing MU Qi CHEN Guocan(Henan Academy of Sciences Institute of Biology, Limited Liability Company Zhengzhou 450008, China Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450008, China State Key Laboratory of Mycology/Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China)

机构地区：[1]河南科学院生物研究所有限责任公司,郑州450008 [2]河南省微生物工程重点实验室,郑州450008 [3]中国科学院微生物研究所/国家真菌学重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2016年第5期676-680,共5页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：河南省重大科技专项(121100110100);河南省转制机构研究发展专项(豫财政-2014-383号);河南省科学院生物研究所有限责任公司/中科院微生物研究所应用微生物技术联合实验室专项基金项目

摘　　要：本试验将复合生物肥料M-14与基质、常规肥料一次性施入各小区,采用对越冬期小麦根部胞囊线虫侵染情况统计、成熟期小麦基本生物学性状测量、收获期土壤小麦禾谷孢囊线虫有效孢囊数的筛查统计以及测产结果分析等方法对复合生物肥M-14在田间条件下抗小麦禾谷孢囊线虫及增产效果进行了研究。结果表明,施750 kg/hm^2复合微生物肥料M-14,不仅能有效增加小麦株高、茎粗、穗长、公顷穗数及千粒重,并且与空白对照相比增产14.3%,增产效果达极显著水平(P<0.01),而且还能显著地减少胞囊线虫侵染率和收获时土壤中有效孢囊数,与空白对照、常规复合肥、基质处理组相比其侵染率分别减少43.4%、70.8%、65.9%,与对照相比有效孢囊数减少了97.59%,与其他各处理相比差异极显著(P<0.01),从而降低小麦胞囊线虫发病级别和发病指数,有效地防止小麦禾谷孢囊线虫病发生。因此,施复合生物肥料M-14既能抗小麦孢囊线虫病又能增产,为复合生物肥料M-14的推广应用奠定了理论基础。Yield-increasing effect and resistance against wheat cereal cyst nematode of M-14 composite biological fertilizer in field experiments were studied in this paper. The fields applied with substrate, conventional fertilizer and non-fertilizer were used as control groups. Statistics of root infection during over winter period, measurement of wheat basic characteristics in mature period, statistics of effective cyst number in harvest period soil and wheat yield determination data were adopted to analyze the advantage of applying M-14 composite biological fertilizer to wheat field. The results showed that not only wheat height, stem diameter, ear length, spike number per hectares and 1000-grain weight were effectively increased, but also infection rate and effective cyst number of the pest were significantly reduced with the application of M-14 compound microbial fertilizer at the level of 750 kg/hm2. Under the amount, wheat yield was significantly increased by 14.3% compared to filed without any fertilizer（P〈0.01）. The reduction of effective cyst numbers was extremely significant from control groups, particularly compared to the non-fertilizer group with the data reduced by 97.59%. The experimental data also revealed that the disease occurrence was effectively prevented by the application of M-14 composite biological fertilizer through inducing incidence level and index. In conclusion, application of M-14 compound biological fertilizer could increase the resistance against wheat cyst nematode disease as well as improve wheat yield and lays theoretic foundation for the generalization and application of the composite biological fertilizer.

关 键 词：复合生物肥料M-14 小麦禾谷孢囊线虫 侵染率 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]