政府在应急处置中的法律责任研究——基于加拿大安德鲁集体诉讼案  

On government's responsibility in emergency response:an Canadian Class Action Case

作　　者：郭丽萍[1] Guo Liping(Department of Basic Course, Guangxi Police College, Nanning 530028, Chin)

机构地区：[1]广西警察学院基础部,广西南宁530028

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第11期790-795,共6页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：安德森等诉曼尼托巴政府等一案因涉及加拿大原著印第安人权益和政府的信托义务而使得这一案件比一般的灾后索赔案件更加复杂。通过对该案的梳理发现加拿大联邦政府实际上很少参与应急管理的具体规划和实施,各省通常制定法规将应急管理的义务再分派给下一级地方政府或市政府,而应急处置的分级管理与加拿大政府应急处置免于起诉的司法传统使得其问责机制运行不畅。基于这一案件的分析,政府在应急处置中的责任主要表现为政府委托第三方和政府自身行为所产生的责任,而完善政府应急处置问责机制的路径可以从规范政府应急处置实施标准、加强对参与应急处置的非政府组织的第三方的管理、畅通司法救济渠道予以加强。Anderson et al v Manitoba et al is of great significance and complexity,for it involves the rights of Canadian Indian,government＇s fiduciary duty,and the criteria of class action.Through the analysis of the case and its background,the article finds the Canadian federal government actually seldom participates in emergency management,and provinces often assign the duty to the local government or municipal government through laws and regulations.The multi-level governance of emergency disposal and the judicial tradition of immunity from prosecution make the accountability mechanism function unsatisfactorily.It also reflects on the government＇s responsibility generated by entrusting a third party and its own behavior in the emergency disposal,and holds that its accountability mechanism could be improved by providing specification of government＇s emergency disposal,strengthening the management of non-governmental organizations or the third party,and unfolding the judicial relief channels.

关 键 词：应急处置 政府法律责任 问责机制 

分 类 号：D911.05[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]