矢量传感器阵列MIMO雷达高精度二维DOA与极化联合估计  

Joint Estimation of Two Dimensional DOA with High Accuracy and Polarization for MIMO Radar Using Electromagnetic Vector Sensor Arrays

作　　者：梁浩[1] 崔琛[1] 余剑[1] 郝天铎 

机构地区：[1]合肥电子工程学院通信对抗系,合肥230037

出　　处：《电子与信息学报》2016年第10期2437-2444,共8页Journal of Electronics & Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(60702015);安徽省科技攻关项目(1310115188);电子工程学院院控科研基金(KY13A197;KY13A200;KY13A206)~~

摘　　要：该文采用矢量传感器配置下的十字型阵列MIMO雷达系统,提出一种新的2维高精度DOA与极化参数联合估计算法。首先根据MIMO雷达虚拟阵列导向矢量的特点,通过降维矩阵的设计及回波数据的降维变换,将高维回波数据转换至低维信号空间;然后基于传播算子获得对应信号子空间的估计,利用收、发阵列阵元间长基线对应的旋转不变性和极化矢量中电场矢量和磁场矢量的叉积进行2维高精度DOA估计和解模糊处理,同时利用与阵列结构无关的极化域旋转不变性进行极化辅角和极化相位差的联合估计。该矢量传感器MIMO雷达阵列可同时获取MIMO雷达的波形分集和矢量传感器的极化分集,无需额外增加阵元和硬件开销,能够有效扩展阵列孔径,提高参数估计性能;同时通过降维变换及传播算子,在获取信噪比增益的同时,能够实现2维高精度DOA和2维极化矢量的联合估计及参数的自动配对,有效降低数据处理维数和参数估计的运算复杂度;最后,仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性和算法的有效性。In this paper, monostatic MIMO radar with cross array using electromagnetic vector antennas is utilized and a novel algorithm for fast Two Dimensional （2D） Direction Of Arrival （DOA） with high accuracy and polarization estimation is proposed. First, given the virtual steering vector of monostatic MIMO radar, a reduced-dimensional matrix is employed and the high dimensional received data is transformed into a lower dimensional signal space via the reduced-dimensional transformation. Then the Propagator Method （PM） is utilized to estimate the corresponding signal subspace by linear operation. Second, rotational invariance relationships with long baseline in the proposed scheme and polarization vector cross product between the normalized electric vector and the normalized magnetic vector can be used to obtain the 2D DOA estimation with high accuracy and non-ambiguity. The polarization rotational invariance relationship, which is irrespective of array geometry, is utilized to estimate the auxiliary polarization angle and polarization phase difference. The proposed system, extending array aperture without increasing sensors and hardware costs, can obtain the waveform diversity offered by MIMO radar and the polarization diversity offered by vector sensor together and achieve better estimation performance. Meanwhile, through the reduced-dimensional and linear operation, the proposed algorithm, obtaining signal to ratio gain and joint estimation for 2D DOA with high accuracy and 2D polarization parameters with automatic pairing, can reduce the dimension of received data and the computational complexity of parameters estimation effectively. Lastly, simulation results verify the correctness of theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of proposed algorithm.

关 键 词：MIMO雷达 矢量传感器阵列 高精度DOA估计 极化参量 

分 类 号：TN958[电子电信—信号与信息处理]