油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)退化阶段对生物土壤结皮拓殖和发育的影响  

Effect of Degradation Stage of Artemisia ordosica on Colonization and Development of Biological Soil Crusts

作　　者：赵洋[1] 陈永乐[1] 徐冰鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠研究试验站,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2016年第4期983-989,共7页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41501270和31170385);中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所青年人才成长基金项目

摘　　要：2013年8月,在腾格里沙漠东南缘1990年建立的人工固沙植被区,分别对油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)生殖株、半死株和死株3个退化阶段植株西北、西南、东北和东南4个方向生物土壤结皮(BSCs)类型、盖度和厚度进行了调查。结果表明:油蒿灌丛周围共出现了3类BSCs,分别为藻类结皮、地衣结皮和藓类结皮,藻类结皮分布范围最广。油蒿生殖株、半死株、死株灌丛均表现出西北方向BSCs盖度最大分别为89.75%、98.55%、80.40%;东南方向的盖度最小分别为23.10%、35.40%、25.44%;BSCs的厚度同样表现为西北方向最大分别为4.48、6.86、5.14mm,东南方向最小分别为2.14、3.26、2.80mm。油蒿生殖株、半死株和死株3个退化阶段BSCs总盖度表现为半死株>生殖株>死株,厚度表现为半死株>死株>生殖株。不同退化阶段的油蒿显著影响BSCs的拓殖和发育,尤其是处于BSCs演替后期的地衣结皮和藓类结皮;油蒿植株的生长过程的也是干旱、半干旱区地表微地貌逐渐变化的过程。In August 2013, a quantitative survey of types, coverage and thickness of biological soil crusts （BSCs） at east, south, west and north areas under Artemisia ordosica canopy in different degradation sta- ges was carried on re-vegetation area established in 1990 in the Tengger Desert. The results showed that there are 3 types crusts appeared around the A. ordosica was algae crust, lichen crust and moss crust, re- spectively; algae crust is the most widely distributed crust type. The greatest values of BSCs coverage in re- productive ramets, semi-dead ramets and dead ramets of A. ordosica occurred in the northwest of canopy were 89.75 % ,98.55 % and 80.40 %, respectively, and the lowest values occurred in the southeast of cano- py were 23.10 %, 35.40 % and 25.44 %, respectively. The greatest values of BSCs thickness of reproductive ramets, semi-dead ramets and dead ramets occurred in the northwest of canopy were 4.48 mm, 6.86 mm and 5.14 mm, respectively, and the lowest values occurred in the southeast of canopy were 2.14 mm, 3.26 mm and 2.80 ram, respectively. The coverage showed semi-dead ramets^reproductive ramets〉dead ra- mets and the thickness of BSCs was showed semi-dead ramets〉dead ramets〉reproductive ramets. A. or- dosicg in different degradation stages were significantly impact on BSCs colonization and development, par- ticularly on lichen crust and moss crust in late succession of BSCs. The micro-topography of surface land- scape in arid and semi-arid regions was along with A. orgosica plant growth changing.

关 键 词：油蒿 生物土壤结皮 结皮盖度 结皮厚度 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]