泰安市蟑螂密度季节消长及其抗药性分析  

Seasonal fluctuation of Cockroach density and its resistance,Tai'an City

作　　者：明明[1] 

机构地区：[1]泰安市疾病预防控制中心,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2016年第19期3476-3478,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：(合同编号20110416):国家科技重大专项课题--"重要病媒生物监测和传播相关病原体检测技术研究"(2008ZX1004-010)子课题

摘　　要：目的了解泰安市蟑螂密度及其季节消长情况,掌握优势种群德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性状况,为制定有效的防控方案提供科学依据。方法随机选择城区农贸市场1处、餐饮2处、宾馆1处、医院1处,居民区1处作为监测点,蟑螂密度监测采用粘捕法,抗药性试验采用药膜接触法。结果全年共捕获蟑螂3 120只,平均密度为1.30只/张,优势种群是德国小蠊。从全年的季节消长曲线来看,蟑螂密度季节消长有两个高峰,在7月份形成密度最高峰(2.18只/张),9月份又出现密度小高峰(1.94只/张)。不同生境蟑螂密度不同,农贸市场(2.5只/张)>医院(1.9只/张)>居民区(1.35只/张)>餐饮(0.98只/张)>宾馆(0.73只/张)。不同生境蟑螂密度季节消长曲线有所不同。抗药性监测结果显示,实验室德国小蠊敏感品系(S)对高效氯氰菊酯、乙酰甲胺磷、溴氰菊酯和残杀威的KT50分别为3.95、7.33、5.02和10.99min。而现场品系(R)对上述杀虫剂的抗性系数分别是敏感品系的1.54、8.71、1.40和0.84倍。结论德国小蠊是泰安市重点防控对象,农贸市场和医院是重点防治场所。建议采取环境治理为主,在密度高峰期(6-9月份)采取菊酯类杀虫剂进行化学防治。Objective To understand the density level of cockroach and its seasonal fluctuation in Tai＇an City,to grasp the insecticide resistance of Blattella germanica, and to provide the scientific basis for effective prevention and control plan. Methods The farmer＇s market, restaurants, hotels, hospitals and residential area were randomly selected as fixed monitoring points. The sticky trap method was used to monitor the density of cockroach, and the contact exposure method was used to test the drug resistance. Results A total of 3120 cockroaches were captured,and the average density of which was 1.30 pieces. In the view of the annual seasonal fluctuation curve ,the seasonal fluctuation of cockroach density had two peaks ,which reached the peak （2.18 pieces） in July,and emerged a smaller peak in September （1.94 pieces）. Different habitats had different density of cockroach,farmers market （2.5 pieces） 〉 hospital （1.9 pieces） 〉 residential area （135 pieces） 〉 catering （0.98 pieces） 〉 hotel （0.73 pieces）. The different habitats had a different curve of seasonal fluctuation. The surveillance results of drug resistance showed that the laboratory susceptible strain of Blattella germanica had the relative KT50 value of 3.95,7.33, 5.02 and 10.99min corresponding to beta - cypermethrin, acephate, deltamethrin, and propoxur, respectively. While spot strain＇ s resistant ratios were 1.54,8.71,1.40 and 0.84 times than susceptible strain＇ s, respectively. Conclusion The Blattella germanica are the main objects of prevention and control in Tai＇an City, and farmer＇s markets and hospitals are the focus of control places. Environmental management is proposed to take and chrysanthemum ester pesticides can be used to take the chemical control in the peak of density （6 -9 months）.

关 键 词：蟑螂 密度 季节消长 抗药性 监测 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]