饲料中添加L-肉碱对吉富罗非鱼生长、肝脏脂肪代谢及抗氧化能力的影响  

Effects of dietary L-carnitine supplementation on growth,hepatic lipid metabolism and antioxidant ability in GIFT,Oreochromis niloticus

作　　者：苟庚午 蒋明[2] 文华[2] 吴凡[2] 刘伟 田娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,农业部淡水生物多样性保护与利用重点开放实验室,武汉430223

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2016年第5期81-88,共8页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-49);农业部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201003020)

摘　　要：分别在3组等氮等能的吉富罗非鱼(GIFT,Oreochromis niloticus)饲料中添加不同水平的L-肉碱[0(对照组)、150和300 mg/kg],试验选用初始体重为(8.21±0.33)g的幼鱼投喂9周,探讨L-肉碱对吉富罗非鱼生长、体成分、血清生化指标、肝脏脂肪代谢酶活性和抗氧化能力的影响。结果表明:添加150或300 mg/kg L-肉碱显著提高了罗非鱼增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR),显著降低了实验鱼肝体比(HSI)和脏体比(VSI);添加150 mg/kg L-肉碱组WGR和SGR最高,HSI和VSI最低。添加150 mg/kg L-肉碱显著提高了鱼体肥满度(CF)。饲料系数(FCR)和存活率(SR)在对照组和实验组间无显著差异。添加150或300 mg/kg L-肉碱显著提高了鱼体肝脏中粗蛋白含量,添加150 mg/kg L-肉碱显著降低了肝脏粗脂肪含量。添加150或300 mg/kg L-肉碱时,血清甘油三酯(TG)含量显著降低,肝脏脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)、肝脂酶(HL)、总酯酶(LPL)和脂肪酶(LPS)活性显著上升,肝脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性显著增加,肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著下降。添加300 mg/kg L-肉碱显著提高了鱼体肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和溶菌酶(LZM)活性。综上,饲料中添加适量L-肉碱对提高吉富罗非鱼生长性能,促进其脂肪代谢和提高鱼体抗氧化能力有良好效果。基于L-肉碱对罗非鱼增重率和特定生长率的影响,推荐L-肉碱在吉富罗非鱼饲料中的添加量为150 mg/kg。A 9-week feeding experiment was performed to investigate the effects of dietary L-carnitine supplementation on growth performance,body composition,serum biochemical indices,hepatic lipid metabolism and antioxidant in juvenile GIFT strain（ Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia） of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus（ initial body weight： 8. 21 ±0. 33 g,means ± SD）. Three practical diets were formulated with the incorporation of L-carnitine at the levels of 0（ control）,150 and 300 mg/kg. Our results were as follows： Compared with control group,dietary L-carnitine supplementation significantly increased weight gain rate（ WGR） and specific growth rate（ SGR）,and significantly reduced hepatosomatic index（ HSI） and viscerosomatic index（ VSI）. The highest WGR and SGR were observed on fish fed the diet containing 150 mg/kg L-carnitine,and HSI and VSI were the lowest in this group. There were no significant differences in feedconversation rate（ FCR） and survival rate（ SR） among all the groups. Feed added 150 or 300 mg/kg L-cranitine significantly increased the content of liver crude protein,and crude lipid of liver that fed with 150 mg/kg L-carnitine was significantly lower than that of the control group. Dietary L-carnitine supplementation significantly reduced triglyceride in serum,but there were no significant differences in total cholesterol（ TCHO）,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（ HDL-C） and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（ LDL-C）. Dietary L-carntine supplementation significantly elevated the activities of lipoprotein lipase（ LPL）,hepatic lipase（ HL）,total lipase（ TL） and lipase（ LPS） in liver. Feed added 150 or 300 mg/kg L-carnitine significantly increased catalase（ CAT）,glutathione peroxidase（ GSH-PX） activities and significantly reduced malondialdehyde（ MDA） content in liver,the superoxide dismutase（ SOD） and lysozyme（ LZM） activities that fed with300 mg/kg L-carnitine were significantly higher than that of the control gr

关 键 词：吉富罗非鱼(GIFT Oreochromis niloticus) L-肉碱 生长 脂肪代谢 抗氧化 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]