3种果树蚜虫有效防治药剂及剂量筛选  

Screening of effective pesticides and doses against three kinds of fruit aphids

作　　者：宫庆涛[1] 耿军[2] 武海斌[1] 张坤鹏[1] 刘萍[2] 孙瑞红[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省果树研究所,泰安271000 [2]山东省农业科学院淄博分院,淄博255033

出　　处：《植物保护》2016年第5期225-229,253,共5页Plant Protection

基　　金：山东省农业科学院院地科技合作引导计划项目(2015YDHZ53);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2015YL058)

摘　　要：本文针对杏瘤蚜、梨二叉蚜和苹果黄蚜3种主要果树蚜虫,选取2种新型杀虫剂50%氟啶虫胺腈WG和240g/L螺虫乙酯SC以及2种常用杀虫剂70%吡虫啉WG和20%啶虫脒WG,采用常规喷雾法比较了不同药剂、不同用药剂量的田间防治效果和持效性。结果表明,在杏瘤蚜和梨二叉蚜发生期,使用50%氟啶虫胺腈WG 41.67、55.56、83.33mg/L,240g/L螺虫乙酯SC 28.00、56.00mg/L,70%吡虫啉WG 35.00、70.00mg/L和20%啶虫脒WG 33.33、50.00mg/L喷雾处理,药后7、14和21d防治效果均在86.21%以上,具有良好的防治效果和持效性。在苹果黄蚜发生期,70%吡虫啉WG和20%啶虫脒WG药后7d防治效果较好,14d和21d的防治效果远低于7d的防效,持效性较差;50%氟啶虫胺腈WG 41.67 mg/L处理与70%吡虫啉WG和20%啶虫脒WG表现相似;而50%氟啶虫胺腈WG 55.56、83.33mg/L和240g/L螺虫乙酯SC 28.00、56.00mg/L在7、14和21d防治效果分别在97.24%、92.44%和75.42%以上,表现良好的防治效果和持效性。综合分析认为,杏瘤蚜和梨二叉蚜对4种药剂均具有较高的敏感性,而70%吡虫啉WG和20%啶虫脒WG在田间对苹果黄蚜已表现出防效下降和持效期缩短的现象。据此推荐在杏瘤蚜和梨二叉蚜成蚜发生期,使用50%氟啶虫胺腈WG、240g/L螺虫乙酯SC、70%吡虫啉WG、20%啶虫脒WG,分别以有效成分用量41.67、28.00、35.00、33.33mg/L进行常规喷雾处理。在苹果黄蚜成蚜发生期,使用50%氟啶虫胺腈WG 55.56mg/L和240g/L螺虫乙酯SC 28.00mg/L进行常规喷雾处理,可有效控制3种蚜虫为害。This study compared field efficacy and persistence duration of two new pesticides,50%sulfoxaflor WG and 240 g/L spirotetramat SC,as well as two commonly used pesticides,70% imidacloprid WG and 20% acetamiprid WG against Myzus mumecola,Schizaphis piricola and Aphis citricola by using foliar spraying method.The results showed that,during the occurrence period of M.mumecola and S.piricola,the field control efficacy of the 50%sulfoxaflor WG at 41.67 mg/L,55.56 mg/L,83.33 mg/L,240 g/L spirotetramat SC at 28.00mg/L,56.00mg/L,70% imidacloprid WG at 35.00 mg/L,70.00 mg/L and 20% acetamiprid WG at 33.33 mg/L,50.00mg/L was over 86.21% at 7,14 and21 days after treatment,and the four kinds of pesticides had excellent control effect and long persistence.During the occurrence period of A.citricola,different doses of 70%imidacloprid WG and 20% acetamiprid WG had excellent control effect at 7 days after treatment,but the field efficacy and persistence duration reduced at 14 and21 days after treatment.50%sulfoxaflor WG at 41.67 mg/L,70%imidacloprid WG and20% acetamiprid WG had the same performance,but the field efficacy of 50%sulfoxaflor WG at 55.56 mg/L,83.33 mg/L and240 g/L spirotetramat SC at 28.00mg/L,56.00mg/L was above 97.24%,92.44%and 75.42% at 7,14 and21 days after treatment,respectively.They had excellent control effect and long persistence.To sum up,M.mumecola and S.piricola had high sensitivity to the four kinds of pesticides,but 70%imidacloprid WG and20% acetamiprid WG showed decreased control effect and shortened persistence duration against A.citricolain the field.Therefore,50%sulfoxaflor WG at 41.67 mg/L,240 g/L spirotetramat SC at 28.00mg/L,70%imidacloprid WG at 35.00mg/L and20% acetamiprid WG at 33.33 mg/L for M.mumecola and S.piricola,and 50%sulfoxaflor WG at 55.56 mg/L and240 g/L spirotetramat SC at 28.00mg/L for A.citricola could effectively control the infestation during occurrence periods of adult aphids by using foliar spraying method.

关 键 词：杏瘤蚜 梨二叉蚜 苹果黄蚜 田间防效 蚜虫 

分 类 号：S482.3[农业科学—农药学]