地塞米松减轻乳腺癌术后患者化疗胃肠道反应的疗效观察  

Dexamethasone in Reducing Postoperative Gastrointestinal Symptoms of Patients with Breast Cancer after Chemotherapy

作　　者：黄朝芳[1] 黄玲[1] 王小为[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省德阳市人民医院,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《中国药业》2016年第19期92-95,共4页China Pharmaceuticals

摘　　要：目的观察地塞米松减轻乳腺癌术后患者化学治疗(简称化疗)胃肠道反应的效果。方法将乳腺癌术后患者按化疗前预先使用化疗辅助药物的不同分为3组,各30例。观察A组在化疗前12 h和6 h各预先口服地塞米松片10 mg;观察B组在使用化疗辅助药物及化疗药物后出现严重胃肠道反应时,口服地塞米松片或静脉注射地塞米松;对照组在使用化疗辅助药物及化疗药物后出现严重胃肠道反应时,静脉注射盐酸甲氧氯普胺、格拉司琼。观察3组患者化疗后进食、食欲情况,恶心、呕吐等胃肠道反应发生情况。结果观察A组和观察B组患者出现恶心、呕吐等胃肠道反应的严重程度及疗效均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论地塞米松可减轻乳腺癌术后患者化疗后恶心、呕吐症状,增进食欲,效果显著,但仍有抑制免疫、骨质疏松、消化道应激性溃疡出血等严重不良反应,对于不能耐受化疗药物引起的胃肠道反应特别严重的患者,可权衡利弊、短期使用。Objective To observe the postoperative efficacy of dexamethasone in reducing the gastrointestinal symptoms of patients with breast cancer after chemotherapy. Methods The postoperative breast cancer patients were divided into three groups by the usage of dif- ferent auxiliary chemotherapy drugs in advance before chemotherapy, 30 cases in each group. Group A took 10 mg dexamethasone orally in advance 12 h and 6 h before chemotherapy; group B experienced severe gastrointestinal reaction after the use of auxiliary chemother- apy drugs, and oral dexamethasone or intravenous dexamethasone injection were given; the control group group B experienced severe gas- trointestinal reaction after the use of auxiliary chemotherapy drugs, and intravenous injection of metoclopramide dihydrochloride and granisetron were given. The situations of eating appetite, nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal tract reaction in patients of the three groups af- ter chemotherapy were observed. Results The frequency of gastrointestinal reactions such as nausea and vomiting as well as eating ap- petite in group A and group B were better than the control group, the difference was statistically significant（P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion Dexamethasone can relieve symptoms of nausea and vomiting after breast cancer chemotherapy, and the efficacy on eating appetite is re- markable. However, dexametbasone has serious adverse reactions such as inhibiting immune, osteoporosis, gastrointestinal stress ulcer bleed- ing, etc. For those who cannot tolerate chemotherapy- induced gastrointestinal symptoms and serious adverse reactions, dexamethasone can only be used in short- term after weighing the pros and cons.

关 键 词：地塞米松 乳腺癌术后 化学治疗 胃肠道反应 

分 类 号：R969.4[医药卫生—药理学] R977.15[医药卫生—药学]