1980-2014年天山北麓不同土地覆被土壤有机碳的变化特征  

Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon Change under Different Land Covers in the North Part of Tianshan Mountain in 1980-2014

作　　者：刘文惠[1] 武红旗[1] 蒋平安[1] 张文太[1] 盛建东[1] 李新川[1] 张佩佩[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆土壤与植物生态过程实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2016年第3期239-245,共7页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项项目(2014FY110200A03);国家自然科学基金项目(41301231);中国科学院战略先导科技专项(XDA05050405);土壤学自治区重点学科建设项目资助

摘　　要：利用资料收集结合实地调查采样分析的方法,探讨了1980年和2014年两个时间点天山北麓不同土地覆被类型下土壤有机碳密度的统计变化特征和垂直分布变化特征。2014年各类型土壤有机碳的最大值都出现在表层,随深度的增加而逐渐减少;随海拔的降低和降水的减少,土壤有机碳的表聚现象逐渐弱化。两个时间点不同覆被类型下土壤有机碳密度年变化率程度表现为:裸地与稀疏植被>荒漠草地>耕地>荒漠灌木林>隐域植被>森林>高山亚高山草甸>干草原;其中年变化率为正值的类型依次是裸地与稀疏植被、荒漠草地、荒漠灌木林和耕地;年变化率为负值的类型依次是隐域植被、森林、高山亚高山草甸和干草原。从各土层土壤有机碳密度占1m深总剖面土壤有机碳比例看,高山亚高山草甸、干草原、荒漠草地、荒漠灌木林变化幅度不明显,森林、隐域植被和耕地变化幅度较明显。经过自然变化和人为影响,1980年与2014年不同土地覆被类型下的土壤有机碳密度均发生了改变,人为因素是造成变化的主要原因。The method of sampling and investigation were applied to discuss the characteristics of soil organic carbon density and redical distribution in 1980 under different land cover types in the north part of Tianshan Mountains.The result showed that the greatest value of soil organic carbon were found in soil surface layer and gradually decreased along with increasing of the depth;Among which,their annual changes were sequenced as follows：bare land and scattered communitydesert steppedesert bush and farmlanddesert shrubwoodintrazonal vegetationforesthigh mountain,sub-mountaindry grassland.When considering the proportions of carbon at each soil layer accounting for those of 1mdepth,we found that soil carbon of Alpine sub alpine meadow,dry grassland,desert grassland,and desert shrub forest changed not obviously,while those of forest,implicit domain vegetation and cultivated land changed significantly.After 30 years of natural change and human disturbance,the soil organic carbon density of different land cover types changed,but the main reason for the change was the anthropogenic factors.

关 键 词：土地覆被 土壤有机碳 天山北麓 变化 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]