个性化健康教育在下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者围术期的应用  

Application of personalized health education on patients with lower limbs arteriosclerosis obliterans during their preoperative period

作　　者：张永玲[1] 王江滨[2] 刘阳[1] 纪洪丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院血管外科,150001 [2]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院护理部,150001

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2016年第24期3494-3497,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的：探讨将个性化健康教育路径应用于下肢动脉硬化闭塞症（ ASO）围术期患者健康教育中的效果。方法2014年6—12月将80例行介入治疗的ASO患者完全随机分为观察组和对照组，每组各40例，对照组采用常规健康教育方法，观察组在健康教育路径的基础上结合患者自身情况进行个性化的健康教育。分别于入组时和出院前采用自行设计的ASO相关知识与介入治疗相关知识问卷对两组患者进行调查，出院后3个月对患者遵医服药及疾病再复发情况进行电话随访。结果观察组患者的疾病基础知识得分为（2.170±0.319）分、手术认知（2.435±0.395）分、用药知识（2.580±0.359）分、康复训练（2.600±0.386）分、心理情绪（2.685±0.379）分，均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（t值分别为4.065，5.253，4.803，4.206，5.445；P〈0.01）。出院3个月后，观察组遵医用药患者占82.5％（33/40），对照组占50.0％（20/40），差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组患者复发住院率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论在下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者围术期护理中应用个性化健康教育路径后，患者对自身疾病认知明显提高，出院后遵医用药行为比率提高。Objective To explore the application effects of the personalized health education on patients with lower limbs arteriosclerosis obliterans （ AOS） during their preoperative period. Methods 80 patients with lower limbs arteriosclerosis obliterans were randomly divided into the intervention group （ n=40） and the control group （n=40） during June to December 2014. Based on the conventional health education, the intervention group received additional personalized health education. The participants were questionnaire surveyed to investigated their knowledge of the AOS and interventional therapy before the intervention and the discharge. Furthermore, the adherence and relapse conditions were also studied by the telephone follow-up after three months of their discharge.Results The scores for the intervention group on disease knowledge （2.170±0.319）, operation cognition （2.435±0.395）, medication knowledge （2.580±0.359）, rehabilitation training （2.600± 0.386）, and psychological conditions （2.685±0.379） were all higher compared to the scores for the control group （t=4.065, 5.253, 4.803, 4.206, 5.445; P〈0.01）. After three months of discharge, the intervention group performed significantly batter adherence （82.5% vs 50.0%） （P〈0.05）, but the cases of disease relapse between two groups had no significant difference （P〉0.05）.Conclusions The application of the personalized health education can significantly enhance the knowledge of disease among patients with lower limbs arteriosclerosis obliterans during their preoperative period. It can also improve their adherence after discharged from the hospital.

关 键 词：健康教育 下肢动脉硬化闭塞症 围术期 健康教育路径 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]