原位悬浮聚合制备聚苯乙烯/炭黑复合微球  

Preparation of polystyrene/carbon black composite microspheres via in situ suspension polymerization

作　　者：宁天明 姚明[1] NING TianMing YAO Ming(Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院碳纤维及功能高分子教育部重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《北京化工大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第5期34-38,共5页Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：以磷酸三钙(TCP)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为分散剂,过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,二乙烯基苯(DVB)为交联剂,对炭黑与苯乙烯进行原位悬浮聚合,制备了聚苯乙烯/炭黑复合粒子。探讨了分散速度和分散时间对炭黑在苯乙烯中均匀分散的影响,研究了反应过程中温度的控制、分散剂的用量对聚合的影响。实验结果表明:利用高速分散机分散,分散速度越大,所需分散时间越短;当选用有机-无机复合分散剂磷酸三钙(TCP)和聚乙烯醇(PVA),质量比为2∶1,分段反应升温,先在75℃下反应1.5 h,然后缓慢升温至85℃反应4 h,最后在95℃下反应0.5 h,可以得到成球率100%、粒径较为理想的黑色有光泽的聚苯乙烯/炭黑复合微球。DSC测试结果表明,在加入炭黑后聚合物的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)提高10℃左右,但炭黑用量(质量分数)从0.1%增加到0.5%时,聚合物Tg并不随炭黑用量的增加而增加。Polystyrene/carbon black composite beads have been prepared by situ suspension polymerization in the presence of carbon black,using benzoyl peroxide（ BPO） as initiator,tricalcium phosphate（ TCP） and polyvinyl alcohol（ PVA） as a composite dispersant,and divinylbenzene as crosslinking agent.The influence of the dispersion ratio and dispersion time on the carbon black dispersion in styrene has been discussed in detail.The effects of vanying the reaction temperature and the dosage of dispersant have been studied.The results showed that the higher the dispersion ratio,the shorter the time required for dispersion.The optimum reaction conditions were found to be： TCP- PVA with a mass ratio of 2 ∶ 1 as organic-inorganic composite dispersant with a three-stage temperature ramping（ 75 ℃ for 1.5 h,85 ℃ for 4 h and 95 ℃ for 0.5 h）.Black shiny polystyrene microspheres were obtained with a ball formation ratio of 100% and ideal diameter.Differential scanning calorimetry analysis（ DSC） indicated that the glass transition temperature（T_g） of the polystyrene /carbon black composite beads was increased by about10 ℃ after addition of 0.1% carbon black,but Tgdid not rise any further after increasing the carbon black content from 0.1% to 0.5%.

关 键 词：炭黑 聚苯乙烯 复合微球 原位聚合 悬浮聚合 耐热性能 

分 类 号：TQ316.32[化学工程—高聚物工业]