双峰驼乳前齿的形态学研究  

Morphological Study on the Anterior Deciduous Teeth of Bactrian Camel

作　　者：张秀英[1,2] 王凤玲[1] 邵宝平[1] 赵望泓[3] 王建林[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学生命科学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]喀什大学生命与地理科学学院,新疆喀什844006 [3]兰州大学口腔医学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2016年第9期60-64,75,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：2006年度教育部科学技术研究重点项目(106152);国家自然科学基金项目(30370163)

摘　　要：以14峰双峰驼头骨为研究对象,通过观察、测量和拍照,研究了双峰驼乳前齿的形态结构。拔出的乳齿用游标卡尺测量各个参数,进行统计学处理。结果表明:双峰驼乳前齿共有12枚,包括上乳切齿1对,上乳犬齿1对,下乳切齿3对,下乳犬齿1对。上乳切齿牙体最小,牙冠呈柱状,功能退化。下乳切齿牙冠呈铲状,切嵴锋利,单齿根长而尖,易铲起植被而取食。上乳犬齿牙冠呈较扁平的锥状,冠短根长,牙尖不显著,犬齿功能退化。下乳犬齿形态特征与下乳切齿相似,主要是铲切食物。双峰驼乳前齿的典型形态学特点与其取食多刺粗糙的旱生植物相适应。The aim of this study is to study the morphological structure of the anterior deciduous teeth through 14 Bactrian camel skulls. The morphological structure of the anterior deciduous teeth for Bactrian camel was observed and analyzed by statistically measuring each parameter with vernier caliper. The re- sults show that Bactrian camel has a total of twelve anterior deciduous teeth including one pair of upper de- ciduous incisors, one pair of upper deciduous canine teeth, three pairs of lower deciduous incisors, and one pair of lower deciduous canine teeth. The upper deciduous incisors are the smallest teeth among all, with the dental crown transformed into cylinder-shape and functions degenerating. The dental crown of every lower deciduous incisor is spade shape and is of sharp incisal ridge, and the long-pointed dental root is prone to feed vegetation. The upper deciduous canines with the long dental root have short, flaty dental crowns, but the dental cusp is not obvious and its function was degenerating. The morphological charac- teristics of lower deciduous canines are similar to lower deciduous incisor, shoveling and cutting foods is the major function. It is concluded that the typical morphological features of anterior deciduous teeth for Bac- trian camel derive from their feeding habit of the spiny coarse xerophytes.

关 键 词：双峰驼 乳前齿 形态学 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]