气凝胶隔热复合材料研究进展  

Research Status of Insulative Aerogel Composite Material

作　　者：张驰[1] 阚安康[1] 孟闯[1] 郭志鹏[1] 曹丹[1] 徐征 

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学商船学院,上海201306 [2]江苏昆山蓝胜建材有限公司,江苏苏州215300

出　　处：《制冷技术》2016年第4期61-67,共7页Chinese Journal of Refrigeration Technology

基　　金：上海市自然基金(No.15ZR1419900);中国博士后科学基金项目(No.2016M590385)

摘　　要：建筑保温材料可以大幅度降低能耗.目前国际保温材料领域的研究重点是超级绝热材料,它具体又可细分为真空绝热板和纳米孔绝热两个方向.真空绝热板的导热系数可低至（0.002-0.005）W/m·K,由于其低导热系数是建立在保证真空度的基础上,使其使用受限.而气凝胶是纳米孔绝热材料的典型代表,以其低密度、高孔隙率、极低导热系数等优点,在航天、建筑等领域具有广大的应用前景,被称为“固态蓝烟”.本文重点介绍了SiO2气凝胶复合材料隔热的传热机理、当前对于其力学强度和传热性能的一些改进研究、以及模拟中常用的导热模型.最后对于未来气凝胶的发展作了一些展望.The thermal insulation material can reduce energy consumption significantly. In thermal insulation material field, the existing research is mainly focused on super-insulation material, including vacuum insulation panel and nanoporous insulation. The thermal conductivity of vacuum insulation panel is in the range of （0.002-0.005） W/m·K; the low thermal conductivity of vacuum insulation panel is based on the vacuum degree, which limits its use. Aerogel is a typical represent of nanoporous insulation material and has vast application prospects in the fields of aerospace and building due to its advantages of low density, high porosity and low thermal conductivity and so on, so the aerogel is called “solid bule smoke”. In the present study, the heat transfer mechanism of silicon aerogel, some improvement studies on strength and heat transfer property, as well as the common model in thermal simulation were emphatically introduced. Finally, the prospect of silicon aerogel in the future is demonstrated.

关 键 词：超级绝热材料 气凝胶 有效导热系数 

分 类 号：TU551[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]