维持性血液透析患者症状困扰的人口学特征及其相关因素调查  

Investigation of demographic characteristics and related factors of symptomatic disorder in maintenance hemodialysis patients

作　　者：王饶萍[1] 陈小帆[1] 唐春苑[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第一医院肾内科血液净化中心,广州市510080

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2016年第18期4-7,共4页Nursing Practice and Research

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金(A2016127)

摘　　要：目的：通过对301例维持性血液透析患者症状困扰现况及社会人口学特征等相关因素调查,找出维持性血液透析患者症状困扰的主要因素,为临床治疗提供帮助。方法：采用方便抽样方法,使用透析患者症状困扰量表及自设的一般情况调查表调查某地区三家三级甲等医院及二家二级医院301例维持性血液透析患者。结果：（1）维持性血液透析患者各症状发生率为23.3%-80.4%,其中发生率最高的3种症状分别为皮肤干燥（80.40%）、瘙痒（77.74%）和易醒（76.08%）。（2）不同的性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、职业、医保支付方式的患者症状困扰差异均无统计学意义,不同经济收入情况的患者症状困扰差异有统计学意义。（3）透析患者症状困扰的症状有无得分及症状严重程度得分与匹兹堡睡眠质量指数总分、营养状况及焦虑、抑郁得分呈正相关（P〈0.05）。结论：维持性血液透析患者存在诸多症状,给日常生活带来较大困扰,经济收入是影响患者症状困扰的主要因素,医务人员应重视这些问题,采取相应的措施。Objective ： To find out the main factors of symptoms of maintenance hemodialysis patients and help clinical treatment through investigation of demographic characteristics and related factors of symptomatic disorder in 301 maintenance hemodialysis patients. Methods ： Adopted a convenient sampling method,used dialysis patient symptomatic distress scale and self - made general survey form to investigate 301 maintenance hemodialysis patients in three first - class hospitals and two second - class hospitals. Results：（1） The incidence of symptoms in maintenance hemodialysis patients was 23. 3% - 80. 4% . The highest incidence of these three symptoms were dryness of skin （80. 40% ） , itching （77. 74% ） and easy to wake up （76.08%）. （2） There were no statistically significant differences in symptoms of patients with different gender, age, educational level, marital status, occupation and medical insurance payment. The symptoms of patients with different economic income were significantly different. （3） There were positive correlations between scores of symptoms of dialysis patients with symptoms, symptom severity score and Pittsburgh sleep quality index score, nutritional status and anxiety, depression score. Conclusion ： There were many symptoms in maintenance hemodialysis patients, which has brought great troubles to their daily life. The economic income was the main factor which affected the symptoms of the patients. The medical staff should pay attention to these problems and take corresponding measures.

关 键 词：维持性血液透析 症状困扰 人口学特征 相关因素 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]