滇池柱状沉积物磷形态垂向变化及对释放的贡献  

Vertical Variation of Phosphorus Forms in Lake Dianchi and Contribution to Release

作　　者：李乐[1,2,3] 王圣瑞[1,2] 焦立新[1,2] 余佑金 丁帅[1,2] 王跃杰 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室,湖泊生态环境创新基地,北京100012 [3]中北大学化工与环境学院,太原030051 [4]山西省煤炭地质物探测绘院,榆次030600

出　　处：《环境科学》2016年第9期3384-3393,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07102-004);国家自然科学基金项目(U1202235)

摘　　要：选取了滇池外海北部、中部和南部柱状沉积物样品,结合上覆水磷和柱状沉积物有机质数据,研究了有机质（OM）及粒径组成对沉积物释放的影响,并探讨了不同形态磷对沉积物释放的影响及贡献.结果表明：1沉积物间隙水ρ（DTP）和ρ（SRP）均与OM、沉积物黏土（〈4.00μm）和粉砂粒（4.00～63.00μm）含量呈显著负相关,但与砂砾（〉63.00μm）含量呈显著正相关,表明沉积物有机质含量的增加显著降低了其间隙水中磷的质量浓度,且黏土和粉砂粒含量的增加也会降低间隙水磷的质量浓度,抑制了沉积物磷的释放.2滇池沉积物潜在可移动磷（BD-P和NaOH-nrp）与黏粒和粉砂砾均呈显著正相关,与砂砾呈显著负相关,表明黏粒和粉砂砾可能对沉积物磷的移动能力提升,砂砾可能对沉积物磷的滞留能力提升.3在较短时间尺度内,外海北部沉积物磷以释放为主,中部和南部以滞留为主;在较长时间尺度内,外海北部和中部沉积物磷以释放为主,南部的以滞留为主.控制滇池沉积物磷释放需要考虑不同磷形态特征及有机质和粒径的影响,采取相应措施以主要控制滇池北部沉积物磷的释放.Columnar sediment samples were collected from the Waihai of Lake Dianchi in northern,central and southern sediment,combined with the data of phosphorus in the overlying water and sediment organic matter,the effects of organic matter and particle size on sediment release were studied,and the influence of different forms of phosphorus release from sediments and their contributions were discussed. The results showed： Sediment pore water ρ（ DTP） and ρ（ SRP） was negatively correlated with contents of OM,clay（ 〈4. 00 μm） and silt（ 4. 00-63. 00 μm）,but it showed a significant positive correlation with sand（ 〉63. 00 μm） content.Theincrease in organic matter content of the sediments significantly reduced the gap water phosphorus mass concentration,and increasing clay and silt contents reduced the gap water phosphorus mass concentration,inhibiting the release of phosphorus in sediments. Potentially mobile phosphorus of the Lake Dianchi sediment was significantly positively correlated with the clay and silt contents,and was significantly negatively correlated with the sand content. It was indicated that clay and silt may enhance the phosphorus movement ability of the sediment,and the sand may enhance the retention of phosphorus in the sediment. In a short time scale,phosphorus of sediment was released mainly in northern Waihai,staying mainly in central and southern; in a longer time scale,phosphorus of sediment was released mainly in northern and central Waihai,staying mainly in southern. Control of phosphorus release from sediments in Lake Dianchi should take into account the effects of different forms of phosphorus,organic matter and particle size,and take corresponding measures to control the release of phosphorus in sediments of northern Dianchi mainly.

关 键 词：滇池 沉积物 磷形态 粒径 释放贡献 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]