于桥水库水源地水体沉积物重金属空间分异与景观格局的关系  

Relationship Between Landscape Pattern and Spatial Variation of Heavy Metals in Aquatic Sediments in Headwaters Area of Yuqiao Reservoir

作　　者：王祖伟[1,2] 王祎玮[1,3] 侯迎迎[1,2] 包姗姗[1,2] 王子璐[1,2] 王倩倩[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学城市与环境科学学院,天津300387 [2]天津市水资源与水环境重点实验室,天津300387 [3]天津市建筑材料产品质量监督检测中心,天津300381

出　　处：《环境科学》2016年第9期3423-3429,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40973078)

摘　　要：以于桥水库上游河流33个子流域采样点的重金属的监测数据为基础,分析了河流水体沉积物中Cd、As、Pb、Cu、Cr、Zn等重金属的含量及空间分异特征,探讨了重金属与子流域土地利用类型等景观格局的关系,解析了重金属的来源.结果表明,于桥水库上游三条河流水体悬浮颗粒物中Cd、As、Cu、Cr的平均含量高于土壤环境质量一级标准,存在一定的生态风险.表层沉积物中Cd、As、Pb、Cu、Cr、Zn的平均含量分别为0.32、30.39、33.49、58.20、90.16和94.80 mg·kg-1,Cd、As、Cu的平均含量和部分样品中Pb、Cr、Zn的含量超过土壤环境质量一级标准.三条河流表层沉积物中Cd、Cr、Zn的平均含量是淋河>沙河>黎河,Cu的平均含量是淋河<沙河<黎河,As、Pb的平均含量是沙河>淋河>黎河.于桥水库流域内土地利用类型对河流表层沉积物重金属的分布产生一定影响,主要表现为林地和灌草地的分布决定了河流沉积物中重金属的自然分布趋势,园地和工矿用地对Cd、As、Pb、Cr等的分布产生影响,村镇居民用地和耕地对河流沉积物中重金属的总体分布未产生负面影响.Yuqiao Reservoir,an important adjusting reservoir in the project of diverting water from the Luanhe River to Tianjin City,is an important water resource for Tianjin City. Concentrations and spatial variation characteristics of Cd,As,Pb,Cu,Cr,and Zn from33 sub watershed sampling sites of Yuqiao reservoir and the relationship to landscape pattern were discussed. The result showed that average concentrations of Cd,As,Cu,Cr in suspended particulate matter were higher than Chinese environmental quality standard Grade one for soils,and there were ecological risks for them because they could arrive at Yuqiao reservoir. The average concentrations of Cd,As,Pb,Cu,Cr,and Zn in surface sediments were 0. 32 mg·kg^-1,30. 39 mg·kg^-1,33. 49 mg·kg^-1,58. 20 mg·kg^-1,90. 16 mg·kg^-1and 94. 80 mg·kg^-1respectively. The average concentrations of Cd,As,Cu and the concentrations of Pb,Cr,Zn in partial samples exceeded Chinese environmental quality standard Grade one for soils. The average concentrations of Cd,Cr,Zn in surface sediments of three tributaries increased in the order of Linhe River Shahe River Lihe Rier,Cu decreased in the order of Linhe River Shahe River Lihe River,and As,Pb increased in the order of Shahe River Linhe River Lihe Ricer. Land use types in Yuqiao reservoir basin had some impact on the distribution of heavy metal concentrations in river surface sediments. Woodland and shrub grass land determined the natural distribution trend of heavy metals in surface sediments. Gardenland and industrial mining land usage had impact on Cd,As,Pb,Cr distributions. Farmland and village town land usage did not produce negative influence on heavy metal distribution.

关 键 词：于桥水库流域 悬浮颗粒物 表层沉积物 重金属空间分异 景观格局 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]