褐毛鲿早期发育阶段行为选择和游泳能力的研究  

Studies on behavior selectivity and swimming ability of Megalonibea fusca in early development stages

作　　者：区又君[1] 李加儿[1] 柳琪[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《生态科学》2016年第4期1-11,共11页Ecological Science

基　　金：广东省省级科技计划项目(2016A020206002);广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项项目(A200901D01,A201200E02)

摘　　要：研究了养殖褐毛鲿早期生长发育阶段的行为史和游泳能力。结果显示:褐毛鲿倾向于白色栖息地底质,但随着生长,对黑色栖息地底质的喜好明显增强;隐匿行为随着生长而越发明显;顶水行为随体长的增长逐步上升;有很强的趋光性,且随着生长,体长1 cm、2 cm、3 cm和4 cm的褐毛鲿在2769—3210 lx的光照强度下的分布率分别为85.00%、78.33%、6.67%和0%。游泳能力指数分别为:27.90,63.60,95.10和194.40,随着随游泳时间延长,游泳速度线形下降;在盐度25—35范围内,褐毛鲿巡游速度最大,且盐度越高对巡游速度的影响越显著;体长1、2 cm的褐毛鲿的巡游速度随光照强度的加大而增强,体长3 cm、4 cm的褐毛鲿的巡游速度随光照强度的增加先增后减;最大巡游速度出现在清晨,最低巡游速度出现在午夜,但差异不显著;在饥饿的前2天里巡游速度相对对照组有所上升,但随即下降明显,再投喂组的巡游速度随补偿的出现相对对照组略有上升。Behavior selectivity and swimming ability of cultured Megalonibea fusca, in early development stages were investigated in this paper. Results indicated that M. fusca showed significant preferring to white substrate, but with growth, selectivity to black substrate turned out to be obvious. Preferring cave habit increased with the development of this fish. Adverse current behavior also increased with growth in early stages. Under illumination value ranging from 2769 to 3210 lx, the distributing rate in body length groups of 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm and 4 cm were 85.00%, 78.33%, 6.67% and 0 % respectively, and differences were very significant. The swimming ability indexes in 4 groups of fish were estimated at 1 cm： 27.90, 2 cm： 63.60, 3 cm： 95.10 and 4 cm： 194.40, respectively, and cruising speed of the fish linearly decreased as the endurance time elongating. Cruising speed was the fastest under the salinity ranging from 25 to 35, and the influence of high salinity turned out to be more distinct. Cruising speed of 1 cm and 2 cm body length groups of this species increased with light intensity increasing; and that of 3 cm and 4 cm body length groups of the fish increased with light intensity increasing and decreased afterwards. The fastest cruising speed occurred in early morning and the lowest value occurred in midnight but no significant difference was observed. As compared with the control group, cruising speed in starvation group increased in the first two days but decreased significantly afterwards, and those in refeeding group increased somewhat as the occurrence of compensatory growth.

关 键 词：褐毛鲿 早期发育 行为选择 游泳能力 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]