梯棱羊肚菌无性孢子形态及显微结构观察  

Morphological and Structural Analysis of Mitospore of Morchella importuna

作　　者：刘伟[1,2] 蔡英丽[1] 何培新[2] 张亚[3] 边银丙 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学应用真菌研究所,武汉430071 [2]郑州轻工业学院食品与生物工程学院,郑州450001 [3]四川省德立隆农业科技有限公司,成都610000

出　　处：《菌物研究》2016年第3期157-161,共5页Journal of Fungal Research

基　　金：湖北省科技支撑项目(2014BBB021)

摘　　要：借助于扫描电子显微镜和光学显微镜观察了梯棱羊肚菌（Morchella importuna）无性孢子的形态,并采用激光共聚焦显微镜观察分析了无性孢子细胞核染色后的细胞核行为。显微观察结果表明,梯棱羊肚菌无性孢子大小均一,无色,球形,无隔,光滑,直径3.5~5.2μm;无性孢子梗纺锤状,呈轻微的S型弯曲,2.1~6.2×14.1~18.5μm,4~6个轮状环绕生长在特化的菌丝四周。细胞核染色结果显示,无性孢子大多为单核,少数2核、3核或4核。观察到正在进行核分裂的无性孢子,推测双核或多核无性孢子是由单核孢子经过2次或多次有丝分裂发育而来,梯棱羊肚菌的无性孢子应为“同核体”。梯棱羊肚菌无性孢子在形态发生等方面类似于真菌的小分生孢子,但功能还不甚明了。In this paper, the morphological and structural characters of mitospores of Morchella importuna were observed using scanning electronic microscopy （SEM）, and their nuclear behavior was analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscope （CLSM） after nuclear staining. The results of SEM and light microscope observation suggested that the mitospores were uniform, solitary, colorless, aseptate, smooth and sphaeroidal with the diameter of 3.5-5.2μm. The conidiophores was polyblastic, discrete formed in verticils of 4-6 cells, cambiform with slight sigmoid curve, 2. 1- 6.2 ×14. 1-18.5 μm. CLSM analysis demonstrated that most of the mitospores were mononuclear with a few 2-4 nuclei. The mitospores in mitosis were frequently observed, and the recordss indicated that the dikaryotic and polykaryotic mitospores were formed from monokaryotic ones and the mitospore of M. importuna should be homokaryon. The morphogenesis suggested that the mitospores of M. importuna may be microcondia. However, the function of the mitospores of M. importuna is unknown.

关 键 词：梯棱羊肚菌 无性孢子 小分生孢子 核行为 同核体 

分 类 号：Q949.325[生物学—植物学] Q246