苏联对波罗的海地区政策的演变及其教训  

The Soviet Union's Policies towards the Baltic Sea Region: Their Changes and Lessons

作　　者：崔海智[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学冷战国际史研究中心,上海200241

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第5期35-42,191-192,共8页Journal of East China Normal University（Humanities and Social Sciences）

基　　金：2014年度国家社科基金重大项目"苏联解体过程的俄国档案文献收集整理与研究"(14ZDB062)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：苏联对波罗的海地区的吞并,酿下了民族问题的祸根。为消灭波罗的海地区的抵抗运动,加强对该地区的控制,苏联领导人通过强制手段推行苏维埃化,并在这一过程中建立起了对波罗的海地区的控制体系。斯大林去世后,苏联领导人对波罗的海地区的政策曾有一些积极的变化,但由于对民族问题的错误认识,苏联领导人对波罗的海地区的政策所造成的问题被长期压制和掩盖起来,联盟中央与地方的关系问题也日益突出。戈尔巴乔夫时期,苏联领导人对波罗的海地区的政策失误加剧了该地区的独立倾向,最终造成了苏联对波罗的海地区控制机制的瓦解和苏联的解体。苏联对波罗的海地区政策失败的教训是深刻的。The Soviet Union's conquest of the Baltic Sea region resulted in ethnic conflicts. In order to eliminate the rebellion in the Baltic Sea region and to strengthen the control of the region,the Soviet leaders promoted the sovietization by force and established a controlling system in the region. After the death of Stalin,the Soviet leaders once made some positive changes in their policies towards the Baltic Sea region. However,the problems caused by Soviet policies were restrained and covered due to the Soviet leaders' misguided view of ethnic problems. Thus the tension between the Soviet central government and the region was increasingly intensified. During the Gorbachev period,wrong policies towards the Baltic Sea region adopted by the Soviet leaders aggravated the independence tendency of this region,which finally led to the loss of the Soviet control of this region and finally thedisintegration of the Soviet Union. There are serious lessons we should learn from the policy failure of the Soviet Union in the Baltic Sea region.

关 键 词：苏联 波罗的海 民族问题 控制机制 苏联解体 教训 

分 类 号：D851.2[政治法律—政治学]