兰花致病真菌拮抗细菌的筛选与鉴定  

Screening and Identification of Antagonistic Bacteria Against Three Pathogenic Fungi of Orchid

作　　者：王士燕[1] 许璐[1] 魏莉[2] 曹晓璐[1] 刘蕾[1] 李潞滨[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,北京100091 [2]邯郸市环境监测中心站,河北邯郸056002

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2016年第5期682-686,共5页Forest Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题“热带兰种业关键技术研究(2012BAD01B0702)”

摘　　要：[目的]为获得高效拮抗3种兰花病原真菌胶孢炭疽菌、尖孢镰孢菌和腐皮镰孢菌的菌株。[方法]使用平板对峙法筛选拮抗菌株,结合形态特征观察、生理生化试验和16S rRNA基因序列分析的方法对目的菌株进行鉴定。[结果]筛选获得5株同时拮抗三种病原菌的菌株,其中菌株GT312拮抗效果明显。16S rRNA基因序列分析显示,该菌株与Bacillus amyloliquefaciens(模式菌株FZB42T)相似性最高,为99.93%。菌株形态特征观察、生理生化试验结果与B.amyloliquefaciens描述一致。[结论]菌株GT312可同时拮抗3种兰花病原真菌,鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌,为兰花病害的生物防治提供了菌株资源。[ Objective ] The purpose of this study is to obtain the bacterial strains with high antagonism against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani, the fungal pathogens of orchid. [ Method ] In this study, the method of dual culture on plate was used to screen the bacterial strains. [ Result ] It was found that there were 5 strains which could inhibit all the three pathogens and the strain GT312 had the highest antagonistic activity. The results of phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that GT312 had 99.93% similarity with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens type strain FZB42T. [ Conclusion] Based on the morphologic and physiological character- istics, the strain GT312 was identified as B. amyloliquefaciens. It could be used as a potential bio-control agent of orchid diseases.

关 键 词：胶孢炭疽菌 腐皮镰孢菌 尖孢镰孢菌 拮抗 筛选 鉴定 解淀粉芽孢杆菌 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]