杨黑点叶蜂形态特征和生物学特性  

Morphology and Biology of Pristiphora conjugata

作　　者：白鹏华[1] 刘宝生[1] 冯友仁[1] 尹鸿刚[2] 张素芬[2] 许静杨[1] 刘家褀 

机构地区：[1]天津市植物保护研究所,天津300384 [2]天津市森林病虫害防治检疫站,天津300000 [3]天津市武清区林业局,天津301700

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2016年第5期793-796,共4页Forest Research

基　　金：天津市财政预算项目:杨树直角叶蜂和杨黑点叶蜂生物学特性和防治技术研究(2014-2016)

摘　　要：杨黑点叶蜂（Pristiphora conjugata Dahlb．）属于膜翅目（Hymenoptera）、叶蜂科（Tenthredinidae），是杨树人工林及苗圃猖獗发生的食叶害虫。近年来，延边大学教学试验基地8～9年生“三北一号”人工杨树林遭到该虫严重危害，受害株率达100％，受害叶片仅剩叶柄，被害严重的杨树整株叶片全部被吃光。杨黑点叶蜂世代重叠，成虫个体小，在叶片组织内产卵，以老熟幼虫在表层土或树基部结茧化蛹越冬，除幼虫外，其它虫态均很隐蔽。了解杨黑点叶蜂各虫态的形态特征，是识别和开展该害虫研究和防控工作的基础。因此，作者对该虫的成虫、幼虫、茧的外部结构特征进行了观察。[ Objective] The morphology and biology of Pristiphora conjugata （Dahlbom） were studied to lay a basis for controlling this pest. [ Method ] The morphology, life history and effects of temperature on adult life-span of Pristiphora conjugata were studied in both laboratory and field. [ Result ] The results showed that P. conjugata has 6 generations per year in Wuqing district of Tianjin and it took 20 - 38 days to complete one generation. The pupae of P. conjugata overwinter in top soil or at the base of trees. The newly-hatched larvae of the first generation were observed on April 25th and the generations overlapped from May to September. The mature larvae pupate inside a cocoon in the soil in late September. The larvae have enormous appetite and gregarious. The temperature has significant effect on adult life-span of P. conjugata： the high temperature （30℃, 25℃ ） was unfavorable to its survival, and adults have the longest life-span under 20℃ condition. [ Conclusion]P. conjugata has 6 generations per year in Tianjin and the temperature has significant effect on adult life-span.

关 键 词：杨黑点叶蜂 形态特征 生活史 温度 成虫寿命 

分 类 号：S763.302[农业科学—森林保护学]