不同药物与消毒剂对免球虫卵囊孢子化的影响  

Effects of Different Drugs and Disinfectants on Sporulation of Coccidian Oocysts in Rabbit

作　　者：温福利[1] 张嘉[2] 郑和平[1] 马雷[1] 张诗兰[1] 王寿昆[2] WEN Fu-li ZHANG Jia ZHENG He-ping MA Lei ZHANG Shi-lan WANG Shou-kun(Department of Comparative Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command, PLA, Fuzhou 350025, China College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China)

机构地区：[1]南京军区福州总医院比较医学科,福州350025 [2]福建农林大学动物科学学院,福州350002

出　　处：《实验动物与比较医学》2016年第4期301-306,共6页Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine

基　　金：福建省科技计划引导性项目（2015Y0075）和南京军区福州总医院临床应用研究专项（2015L01）

摘　　要：目的 对比研究不同抗兔球虫药物与消毒剂对兔球虫卵囊孢子化过程的抑杀效果,为兔球虫病的防治提供参考.方法 分别选取5种抗球虫药物和消毒剂进行抑制试验,观察它们对兔球虫卵囊体外孢子化过程的影响.结果 （1）5种抗球虫药物对兔球虫卵囊孢子化抑制率大小依次为：百球清＞优求乐＞球抑＞球肠清＞肠球双效,半数效量（EC5o）大小依次为：肠球双效＞球肠清＞球抑＞优求乐＞百球清;（2）5种消毒剂对兔卵囊孢子化抑制率大小依次为：二硫化碳＞苯酚＞氨水＞三氯异氰尿酸＞碘酊,半数效量大小依次为：碘酊＞三氯异氰尿酸＞氨水＞苯酚＞二硫化碳;半数孢子化时间依次为：二硫化碳＞氨水＞苯酚＞三氯异氰尿酸＞碘酊.（3）毒力较强的几种兔球虫卵囊耐药性大小依次为：大型艾美耳球虫＞斯氏艾美耳球虫＞无残艾美耳球虫＞肠型艾美耳球虫.结论 15 mL/L百球清体外作用8h对兔球虫卵囊孢子化抑制效果最强.体积分数6％二硫化碳作用于卵囊4h,抑制兔球虫卵囊孢子化效果最好.兔球虫卵囊耐药性与虫体大小相关,较大虫体对药物敏感性高.Objective To study inhibitory effect of different drugs and disinfectants on coccidian oocyst sporulated in rabbit, and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of rabbit coccidiosis. Methods Selected 5 kinds of drugs and disinfectant for gradient test, respectively. To observe their effects on sporulation process of rabbit coccidia oocysts in vitro. Results （1） Inhibition test was performed under 5 kinds of anticoccidial drugs.The drugs of inhibition rate for coccidian oocyst sporu- lated were shown in turns： Toltrazuril Solution 〉 Decoquinate Premix 〉 Dinitolmide Premix 〉 Diclazuril Premix 〉 Amprolium Hydrochloride and sulfaquioxaline Sodium. The median effect concentration （ECso） were shown as follows： Amprolium Hydrochloride and sulfaquioxaline Sodium 〉 Diclazuril Premix 〉 Dinitolmide Premix 〉 Decoquinate Premix 〉 Toltrazuril Solution. Take 15 mL/L Toltrazuril Solution effect of 8h has the strongest inhibitory on the sporulation of rabbit coccidian oocysts. （2） The rate of 5 kinds of disinfectants which inhibit rabbit coccidian oocyst from being sporulated was shown as follows：Carbon disulfide 〉 Phenol 〉 Ammonia 〉 Symclosene 〉 Tincture of iodine. The ECs0 were shown as follows：Tincture of iodine 〉 Symclosene 〉 Ammonia 〉 Phenol 〉 Carbon disulfide. The hours for 50% of maximal effect （EHso） were shown as follows：Carbon disulfide 〉 Phenol 〉 Ammonia 〉 Symclosene 〉 Tincture of iodine. （3） The drug resistance of rabbit coccidiosis oocysts with strong toxicity were shown as follows： E.magna 〉 E.stieda 〉 E.irresidu 〉 E.intestinal. Conclusions The 15 mL/L toltrazuril solution with effect of 8 h has the strongest inhibitory on the sporulation of rabbit coccidian oocysts. Carbon disulfide at concentration of 6% with effect of 4 h can completely inhibit rabbit coccidian oocysts from being sporulated. Drug resistance to rabbit coccidia oocysts was associated with body size of the parasite, and the larger body size with high sensitiv

关 键 词：兔 球虫病 抗球虫药 消毒剂 卵囊孢子化 

分 类 号：Q95-33[生物学—动物学]