临床分离革兰氏阳性球菌耐药性特点分析  

Analysis of antimicrobial resisance in gram-positive bacteria isolates

作　　者：张爱荣[1] 刘彦[1] 许青霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]商丘市第一人民医院检验科,河南商丘476100 [2]河南省肿瘤医院检验科

出　　处：《医药论坛杂志》2016年第8期4-8,共5页Journal of Medical Forum

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关项目(20111020168)

摘　　要：目的了解临床分离革兰阳性球菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药性特点。方法收集2010—2014年临床分离革兰阳性球菌非重复菌株,回顾性研究不同病原菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药率。差异显著性检验采用χ2检验。结果 MRSA和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MRCo NS）的发生率分别为46.7%（264/565）和74.8%（816/1091）。MRSA对阿米卡星、利福平、呋喃妥因、复方新诺明的耐药率较低,11.4%~17.8%;对四环素、庆大霉素、环丙沙星、红霉素和克林霉素的耐药率为57.6%~97.7%;未发现对替考拉宁、万古霉素、利奈唑胺和奎奴普丁/达福普汀耐药的葡萄球菌。结论不同人群、不同标本分离革兰阳性球菌的耐药性存在差异。儿童组肺炎链球菌对青霉素耐药率高于成人。屎肠球菌对多数抗菌药物的耐药率高于粪肠球菌。替考拉宁、万古霉素、利奈唑胺对葡萄球菌、肠球菌、链球菌均具有很好的抗菌活性。Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance among the gram- positive cocci. Methods From January,2010 to December,2014,2668 consecutive and non- repetitive gram- positive cocci strains were collected. A retrospective study was conducted on rate of resistance to antimicrobial agents. Data was analyzed using ehi- square test. Results The prevalence of methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus（ MRSA） and methicillin- resistant coagulase- negative Staphylococci（ MRCo NS） were 46. 7%（ 264 /565） and 74. 8%（ 816 /1091）,respectively. The resistant rate of Staphylococcus aureus to amikacin,rifampicin,nitrofurantoin,sulfamethoxazole- trimethoprim were 11. 4% to17. 8%,the resistant rate to tetracycline,gentamicin,ciprofloxacin,erythomycin and clindamycin were 57. 6% to97. 7%. All Staphy lococci isolates were susceptible to teicoplanin,vancomycin,linezolid and quinupristin- dalfopristin. Conclusion The rates of antimicrobial resistance of Gram- positive cocci are different among strains isolated from different age groups or samples. The prevalence of PRSP in the strains isolated from newborm was higher than that in other age groups. The resistance of E. Faecium were higher than E. Faecalis. Teieoplanin,vancomycin and linezolid showed very high activity against Gram- positive cocci.

关 键 词：革兰阳性球菌 细菌耐药 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R446[医药卫生—诊断学]