人为因素对峨眉山圈养大熊猫夏季行为的影响  

The Influence of Human Activities on the Behavior of Captive Giant Panda in Summer at Mount Emei

作　　者：陈绪玲 朱英[1,3] 李裕冬[1,3] 张贵权[3,4] 

机构地区：[1]四川省自然资源科学研究院,成都610015 [2]峨眉山生物资源实验站,四川峨眉山614200 [3]四川省生物资源保护与可持续利用实验室,成都610015 [4]中国保护大熊猫研究中心,四川卧龙623006

出　　处：《四川动物》2016年第5期680-685,共6页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：人为因素对圈养大熊猫行为影响的初步研究(四川省公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目)

摘　　要：对圈养大熊猫Ailuropoda melanoleuca行为及其影响因素的了解有助于改善大熊猫饲养管理。本研究以峨眉山大熊猫馆3只大熊猫香琳、芦琳、平平为对象,采用连续时间记录法,分析了夏季游客数量和饲养员接触方式对大熊猫行为的影响。结果表明,游客数量对香琳的嗅闻(t=3.648,P=0.001)和蹭阴(Z=-2.192,P=0.028)以及芦琳的进食(t=2.487,P=0.018)和踱步(t=-3.302,P=0.001)行为影响显著。饲养员的日常接触使大熊猫的休息、玩耍时长均显著下降(P<0.001),而进食、嗅闻、趴门、踱步行为时长显著增加(P<0.001)。根据研究结果,我们建议:(1)在大熊猫表现出异常行为时,应适当控制游客数量,以免产生更严重的应激反应;(2)在日常饲养管理中,应减少饲养员与大熊猫的被动接触,以降低饲养员对大熊猫行为的干扰。Behavioral study of giant panda（ Ailuropoda melanoleuca） under the influence of human activities is helpful for captive management. In this study,we evaluated the influences of tourists number and feeders on the behaviors of 3 giant pandas,named Xianglin,Lulin and Pingping,using continuous recording method during the summer in the Mount Emei Giant Panda House. The results showed that tourists number had a significant effect on the behaviors of Xianglin（ snuffing：t = 3. 648,P = 0. 001; rubbing the private parts： Z =- 2. 192,P = 0. 028）,and Lulin（ feeding： t = 2. 487,P = 0. 018;strolling： t =- 3. 302,P = 0. 001）. The actions of feeders showed a strong influence on behaviors of giant pandas,such as reducing the time of resting and playing（ P〈 0. 001） and increasing the activity of feeding,snuffing,lying,and strolling（ P〈 0. 001）. In conclusion,we suggested that（ 1） when giant panda showed abnormal reaction,it was necessary to prevent more serious emergency response by properly controlling the number of visitors;（ 2） during the process of feeding,it was necessary to decrease the feeder＇s passive contact with giant panda to reduce the interference to giant panda＇s behaviors.

关 键 词：大熊猫 夏季 行为 影响因素 饲养管理 峨眉山 

分 类 号：S865.3[农业科学—野生动物驯养]