麋鹿角重金属、微量元素及其区域差异性  

Heavy Metals,Trace Elements and their Regional Differences of David's Deer Antler

作　　者：程志斌[1] 刘艳菊[1] 白加德[1] 钟震宇[1] 朱明淏 

机构地区：[1]北京麋鹿生态实验中心

出　　处：《四川动物》2016年第5期734-740,共7页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：北京市科学技术研究院海外人才专项资助项目(OTP-2013-003);北京市科学技术研究院青年骨干计划项目(201423)

摘　　要：麋鹿Elaphurus davidianus是监测湿地环境质量变化的重要指示物种,其角为我国传统中药材。对我国北京南海子、天津七里海、江苏大丰、湖北石首、河北滦河上游、海南海口、浙江临安、浙江慈溪8个地区圈养和半散放种群及湖北石首杨坡坦野生种群的麋鹿角中5种重金属和39种微量元素进行研究。结果表明,44种元素在麋鹿角中均被检测出,统计分析表明Li、Be、Sc、V、Co、Ni、Cu、Ga、Sr、Y、Mo、Cd、Cs、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Er、Tm、Lu、Pb、Th、U、Zr、Hf等26种元素是麋鹿角的特征元素;不同区域、不同部位之间,麋鹿角微量元素含量存在一定差异;浙江慈溪杭州湾国家湿地公园和湖北石首麋鹿国家级自然保护区种群Pb含量超过国家限量标准(GB 2762-2012,WM-T 2-2004),天津七里海国家湿地公园、湖北石首麋鹿国家级自然保护区、江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区和海南海口热带野生动植物园4个种群Cr含量超过国家限量标准(GB 2762-2012)。研究表明,部分麋鹿栖息环境或者食物受到重金属污染的威胁。David＇s deer（ Elaphurus davidianus） is an indicator species for the environmental quality variation of wetland,and its antler also is the Chinese traditional medicinal materials. We studied 5 heavy metals and 39 trace elements in the David＇s deer antlers from eight regions of China. Eighteen samples were collected from the captive or semi-free population of Beijing Milu Park,Tianjin Qilihai National Wetland Park,Jiangsu Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve,Hubei Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve,Hebei Luan River Upstream National Nature Reserve,Hainan Tropical Wildlife Park,Linan Research Base of Breeding,National Protection Center for Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora Gene,Zhejiang University,Zhejiang Cixi National Wetland Park,and one sample was from the wild population of Yangpotan village in Shishou city. The results showed that 44 elements had been detected in all samples and among which,26 were the characteristic element such as Li,Be,Sc,V,Co,Ni,Cu,Ga,Sr,Y,Mo,Cd,Cs,La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Er,Tm,Lu,Pb,Th,U,Zr and Hf. The concentration of trace elements varied from the distribution sites and the part of the antler. Concentration of Pb in the antler from the Zhejiang Cixi National Wetland Park and Hubei Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve exceeded national limited standards（ GB 2762-2012,WM-T 2-2004）. And concentration of Cr in the antler from the Tianjin Qilihai National Wetland Park,Hubei Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve,Jiangsu Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve and Hainan Tropical Wildlife Park also exceeded national limited standards（ GB 2762-2012）. We concluded that some habitats and food resources of David＇s deer were threatened by heavy metal pollution.

关 键 词：麋鹿 重金属 微量元素 区域差异性 

分 类 号：S865.4[农业科学—野生动物驯养]