放牧强度对短花针茅群落特征及冠层截留的影响  

Effect of Grazing Intensity on Stipa breviflora Communities and Canopy Interception

作　　者：马少薇 郭建英[2] 李锦荣[2] 何京丽[2] 刘铁军[2] 蓝登明[1] 赵杏花[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2016年第5期66-70,共5页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41301302)

摘　　要：通过野外调查与室内分析相结合的方法研究不同放牧强度对群落特征、多样性及冠层截留的影响。结果表明:随着放牧强度的增加,群落高度、盖度、地上生物量及凋落物均呈显著性降低趋势,而群落密度呈相反趋势,地下生物量受放牧影响不大,呈倒金字塔型;受放牧影响各样地优势种发生改变,重度放牧区出现乳白黄耆等退化指示种;Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数均在中度放牧样地最大,Margalef指数则随放牧强度的增大呈减小趋势;群落冠层最大截留量随放牧强度的增加呈降低趋势,最大截留率呈先增后降趋势,在轻牧区最大。The Stipa breviflora desert steppe in Siziwang Banner of Inner Mongolia was selected as studied area.The community characteristics,plant diversity and canopy interception in different grazing intensity were studied through field investigation and data analysis.The results showed that community height,coverage,aboveground biomass and litter were significantly reduced,while community density showed the opposite trend with the increasing of grazing intensity.Underground biomass was not affected by grazing,which formed a typical reversed pyramid.Dominant species changed in various plot,degradation indicator species appeared in heavy grazing area,such as Astragalus galactites.Simpson index,Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index in moderate grazing plots was the biggest,Margalef index showed a decreasing trend with the increasing of grazing intensity.The maximum canopy interception decreased with the increase of grazing intensity,and the maximum canopy interception rate was maximal in the light grazing area.

关 键 词：荒漠草原 放牧强度 群落特征 植物多样性 冠层截留 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]