爆炸碎片撞击立式储罐数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of explosion fragment impacting vertical storage tank

作　　者：陈国华[1] 祁帅[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学安全科学与工程研究所,广东广州510641

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2016年第9期114-119,共6页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21576102)

摘　　要：爆炸碎片引发的事故是一种常见的化工园区多米诺效应事故形式。建立了立式拱顶罐的半结构模型以及球体、立方体、圆锥体三种形状的爆炸碎片模型,利用数值模拟,研究储罐在不同形状、速度、入射角的碎片撞击下破坏失效规律,以期更为准确地指导目标设备在多米诺效应事故参数影响下的风险评估。结果表明:罐壁Z轴方向最大位移绝对值随着碎片撞击速度的增大而降低,在相同碎片撞击速度相同的情况下,立方体碎片造成的罐壁Z轴方向最大位移绝对值最大;罐壁贯穿后的孔洞等效直径随入射角的增大而增大,碎片剩余速度随入射角的增大而减小;立方体碎片在贯穿罐壁过程中速度衰减最显著,所需贯穿能量最大。The accident caused by explosion fragment is a common form of domino effect accident in chemical industrial park. A half structure model of vertical dome-roof tank and the explosion fragment models of three shapes including sphere,cube and cone were established. The failure laws of tank under the impacting of fragment with different shape,speed and incident angle were studied by using numerical simulation,so as to guide the risk assessment of target device under the influence of domino effect accident parameters more accurately. The results showed that the absolute value of maximum displacement of tank wall in Z axis reduced with the increase of impact speed,and in the case of same impact speed,the absolute value of maximum displacement of tank wall in Z axis caused by cube fragment was the largest. The equivalent diameter of hole after puncturing tank wall increased with the increase of incident angle,while the residual speed of fragment decreased with the increase of incident angle. The speed attenuation of cube fragment in the process of puncturing tank wall was the most significant,and the required puncturing energy was the largest.

关 键 词：爆炸碎片 立式储罐 冲击动力学 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]