轴向冲击载荷下开孔薄壁方管吸能特性的研究  

Investigation of the energy absorption of thin-walled square tubes with cutouts under axial impact loading

作　　者：刘伟婧[1] 刘志芳[1] 路国运[1] 王志华[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学应用力学与生物医学工程研究所,太原030024

出　　处：《应用力学学报》2016年第4期620-626,737,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11372209;11172196);山西省自然科学基金(2013011005-2)

摘　　要：利用有限元软件ABAQUS对开孔薄壁方管在轴向冲击载荷作用下的变形规律与吸能特性进行了数值仿真分析,并根据数值模拟结果进行了多目标优化。在薄壁方管的每个侧面上开六个长方形孔,通过改变长方形孔的长度和宽度来研究开孔薄壁方管的耐撞性。结果表明:在研究的范围内,除开孔尺寸为20mm×5mm的薄壁方管外,其余开孔薄壁方管的破坏模式为外延式破坏模式,其变形过程为动态渐进屈曲;当开孔长度增大时,开孔薄壁方管初始峰值力减小;当开孔长度和宽度同时增大时,开孔薄壁方管平均载荷均减小;开孔面积越大,管吸收的能量和比吸能越小;开孔长度不变时,随着宽度的增大压缩力效率降低,当宽度不变时,随着长度的增大压缩力效率增大。基于开孔方管的数值模拟结果构造了响应面模型并对其进行了多目标优化,给出了Pareto前沿图,可根据各目标的偏好确定方管的开孔尺寸。Numerical simulation analysis on the deformation and energy absorption of thin-walled square tubes with cutouts under axial impact loading are conducted using the finite element software ABAQUS, the multi-objective optimization is completed based on the results of numerical simulation. There are six square cutouts in each side of the thin-walled square tubes, and the crashworthiness of these tubes is investigated by changing the length and the width of the rectangular cutouts. Results obtained show that the deformations modes of the tubes are extensional modes except the cutouts size of square tubes is 20mm×5mm. The initial peak force of the square tubes with cutouts decreases with the increasing of the cutouts length. The mean load of the square tubes with cutouts decreases with the increasing of length and width of the cutouts. Both of the total energy absorption and specific energy absorption decrease when the area of cutouts on the thin-walled square tubes increase. The compression force efficiency of the tubes decreases with the width increasing of cutouts when the length of cutouts is fixed. The compression force efficiency increases with the length increasing of cutouts when the width of cutouts is fixed. Base on the results of numerical simulation of the thin-walled square tubes with cutouts, the response surface modes are established and the multi-objective optimization is carried out, and then the Pareto front is obtained. When the preferences of each target are determined, the size of cutouts of the square tube is determined correspondingly.

关 键 词：开孔方管 数值模拟 轴向冲击 吸能特性 

分 类 号：O347.3[理学—固体力学]